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MAREANO North Sea/Frisk Oslofjord cruise (2022118)

— Utsira, SVO “North Sea & Skagerrak #4” and Ytre Hvaler. RV "G.O. Sars" 14.10–30.10 2022

Author(s): Genoveva Gonzalez-Mirelis (IMR)
Cruise leader(s): Genoveva Gonzalez-Mirelis (IMR)

1 - Introduction

MAREANO is an interdisciplinary program carried out as a collaboration between the Mapping Authority ( Kartverket ), the Geological Survey of Norway (NGU, in Norwegian) and the Norwegian Institute of Marine Research (IMR). The Program implementation is led by the Program Group, with representatives from five directorates and the three above-mentioned executive institutions, while a Steering Group (Ministry of Industry and Fisheries, Oil and Energy, Climate and the Environment, Transport and Municipalities and Modernisation) determines the mandate of the Program. The MAREANO Program started in 2005 with the first survey conducted in 2006.

The mandate of MAREANO is to provide knowledge that can address the needs identified in the Management Plan for the Barents Sea and the sea areas outside Lofoten, as well as the Management Plan for the Norwegian Sea (St.meld. no. 8 2005-2006/no. 10 2010-2011; no. 37 2008-2009). The data derived from field work and subsequent lab analyses are stored digitally at the Institute of Marine Research in the Marbunn database. Resulting data products are shared on www.mareano.no.

The objectives of this cruise are: (1) to collect baseline data prior to any construction of wind turbines outside Utsira Island (Utsira Nord), including data from the offshore wind area itself and an adjacent control area (Utsira Kontroll), (2) to provide evidence for the selection of the Særlig Verdigful Område (SVO) known as “North Sea and Skagerrak 4”, henceforth NS4.

This cruise was carried out in combination with a Frisk Oslofjord (henceforth FriskO)-funded survey at Hvaler National Park, which was conducted on days 24-28 October. The objective of this part of the cruise was to collect data that can be used to determine the distribution of management-relevant habitats ( forvaltningsprioritert natur ).

2 - Cruise participants

2.1 - Sediments and geology

Aivo Lepland, NGU/Terje Thorsnes, NGU (chief geologist)

Liv Plassen, NGU

Shyam Chand, NGU

Berrit Bredemeier, NGU

2.2 - Chemistry

Grethe Tveit

2.3 - Zoobenthos

Barbro Taraldset Haugland, IMR

Heidi Gabrielsen, IMR

Lene Christensen, IMR (on training)

Marco Colossi Brustolin, IMR

Maria Josefina Johansson, IMR

Sten-Richard Birkely, IMR

Yngve Klungseth Johansen, IMR

2.4 - Instruments

Egil Frøyen, IMR

Jan Arne Vågenes, IMr

Leif Johan Ohnstad (on training), IMR

Sindre Nygård Larsen, IMR

2.5 - Data management

Marte Louise Strømme, IMR

2.6 - Chief Scientist

Genoveva Gonzalez Mirelis, IMR

3 - Survey design and field methods

In MAREANO geological, biological and chemical sampling cruises are conducted according to the following scheme:

1. The mapping agency supplies detailed depth data based on measurements with multi-beam sonar for the area which will later be mapped in terms of biology, geology and chemistry.

2. NGU processes data from multibeam sonar and produces maps of bottom reflectivity. Based on the bottom reflectivity data, the detailed depth data and a preliminary habitat type modelling/classification, this forms the basis for station planning.

3. The Institute of Marine Research and NGU select points (stations) where collection of field data is carried out, i.e. sediments and benthic fauna using video and physical sampling.

About 20% of the stations are selected based on subjective criteria, where bottom types and terrain formations are decisive for the station location. For the remaining group of stations, the emphasis is on representativeness for the relevant field areas.

The following types of sampling gear were used in this cruise: towed video ( Chimaera ), Van Veen grab (VV), box corer (BC), multicorer (MC), beam trawl (BT), Rothlisberg-Pearcy sledge (RP), and conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) rosette sampler.

Biological samples of the benthic fauna are taken using a VV, BT and RP, all of which complement each other by collecting fauna in different vertical levels and sub-ecosystems. To achieve the most complementary data collection possible, only decanted fauna (crustaceans; hyperfauna) are taken from the sled hauls. Biological auxiliary parameters are taken from the BC samples, alternatively from VV. Geological samples are taken using a VV, alternatively using a 0.1 m2 BC. Chemical samples are taken using MC and using a 0.1 m2 BC.

Infauna, or animals that live in the bottom sediments, are collected using VV with a collection surface of 0.1 m2 shallower than 500 m, while a larger grab, 0.25 m2, is used at greater depths. Animals larger than 1 mm are seaved on board and preserved for further use in MAREANO. Five and two samples are taken respectively per station so that the total area is 0.5 m2, which is in line with recommendations given by Norwegian Standards and the Norwegian Environment Agency. Samples for analyses of the biological auxiliary parameters TOC, TOM, TN and grain size are mainly taken from BC samples.

Epifauna is collected using a 2-meter-wide BT with a 4 mm mesh size. The towing time on the bottom is 5 minutes at a speed of 1.5 knots.

Hyperbenthos – which mainly consists of crustaceans living on and just above the bottom – is collected using a 1 m wide epibenthic sled (RP) with a mesh size of 0.5 mm. The towing time on the bottom is about 15 minutes at a speed of 1 knot.

Megafauna, which are relatively easily visible and large animals, as well as geological observations of the bottom and bottom terrain, are documented using towed video that collects data over a straight line of 200 m. Direct observations such as bottom type, species, trawl tracks, litter, and GPS data are continuously logged using Campodlogger v. 3.0. The video rig is towed at a speed of 0.5 knots and with a camera distance to the bottom of approx. 1.5 m.

We conduct generally, two types of stations: video stations, where only the video system is deployed, and so-called full stations (FS) where all the above-mentioned gear types are deployed. In this cruise we have also conducted a station where only sediment cores were taken, both with the BC and the MC. This is a station where chemical data is available from 1992 and there was interest in revisiting it.

Towed camera system Box-corer

Multicorer

Towed camera system Multicorer Boxcorer

Van Veen grab RP sledge Beamtrawl

Van Veen Grab RP-sledge Beamtrawl

4 - Sampling and data collection

A total of 18 (Utsira Kontroll), 18 (Utsira Nord), 39 (NS4), and 35 (Hv) were planned for this cruise (total, 110 stations). This included 1 FS at UK, 3 at UN, and 3 at NS4. From these, 104 video stations and all 7 FS were completed. Four video stations were dropped for not being suitable for a towed camera, to minimize the risk of damaging the equipment. These were P145, F18, F20 and F16. F23 was started and aborted halfway through, so this one has a Reference number.

Station P152 (MAREANO) and F30 (FriskO) had been planned separately and turned out to be only 700 m apart. I decided to take only P152, but I still need to make sure that the data is available in both projects. In total this makes 104 stations completed, out of those planned.

In addition to these, we did 3 video stations at NS4 from the reserve stock. I picked those that were closest to the boundary of the 2022 area for geographic consistency reasons. In addition to that we did a MC station (associated to planned FS P7, but 1.5 km away), also because of its geographic position and time available. Note that by doing this, P7 got assigned a Reference number ( 3183).

We conducted a special survey of the Tisler reef, in Hv, which consisted of 11 specially designed video lines (amounting to 5300 m of towed video, so roughly equivalent to 26 regular video stations). This was not part of the original cruise plan.

We were able to sample a specimen of a seapen ( Styatula sp. cf.) with the VV grab. This is currently being investigated.

An unregistered shipwreck was found at the following position: 58.7650, 10.3247. It was about 40 m in length, laying in a north-south direction. It seems to have been split down the middle. Since it was outside the 12 nautical mile line, we took multibeam data of the site.

We reported it to Kystverket by email to Knut Markus Arnhus, who forwarded the information to The Norwegian Mapping Authority and The Norwegian Defense Research Establishment.

We also forwarded all our data (footage and multibeam) to Frode Kvalø, at the Norwegian Maritime Museum.

 

Map showing all data collected at the Utsira area, including Utsira Kontroll and Utsira Nord. All planned stations were completed.
Figure 1 . Map showing all data collected at the Utsira area, including Utsira Kontroll and Utsira Nord. All planned stations were completed.

 

 

Map showing all data collected at NS4. One video station was dropped (empty ring), three video stations were done which had been planned for year 2023 (yellow dots without ring around them), and the MC station (also planned for 2023) was completed in this cruise.
Figure 2 . Map showing all data collected at NS4. One video station was dropped (empty ring), three video stations were done which had been planned for year 2023 (yellow dots without ring around them), and the MC station (also planned for 2023) was completed in this cruise.

 

 

Map showing all data collected at Hvaler National Park. Four stations were dropped on account of dangerous terrain (total of 3) or for being too close to a MAREANO station (empty rings). Tisler reef stations 1 and 2 were not planned for this cruise but were nonetheless completed (yellow dots without a ring around them).
Figure 3 .- Map showing all data collected at Hvaler National Park. Four stations were dropped on account of dangerous terrain (total of 3) or for being too close to a MAREANO station (empty rings). Tisler reef stations 1 and 2 were not planned for this cruise but were nonetheless completed (yellow dots without a ring around them).

 

Location Accepted? Equipment RefstationNo SampleNo Notes
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3110 3191 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3111 3192 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3112 3193 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3113 3194 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3114 3195 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3115 3196 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3116 3197 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3117 3198 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3118 3199 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3119 3200 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes CTD 3120 395  
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3120 3201 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Small VV grab 3120 5 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L. (formalin). Photo: 2 (0001-0002).
Utsira kontroll Yes Small VV grab 3120 6 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L. (formalin). Photo: 3 (0003-0005).
Utsira kontroll Yes Small VV grab 3120 7 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L. (formalin). Photo: 2 (0007-0008).
Utsira kontroll Yes Small VV grab 3120 8 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0009-0010).
Utsira kontroll Yes Small VV grab 3120 9 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L. (formalin) Photos: 3 (0011-0013).
Utsira kontroll Yes Multicorer 3120 10 4 cores (NGU:3, IMR:1).
Utsira kontroll Yes Beamtrawl 3120 11 Subsample: 25 percent. 1_mm: 1x3 L (ethanol), to Bergen Museum. 5_mm: 1x3 L, 1x5 L (formalin), to Tromsø. Photo: 6 (0014-0019).
Utsira kontroll No RP-sledge 3120 12  
Utsira kontroll Yes RP-sledge 3120 13 Subsample: 100 percent, EtOH. 0.5 mm dec: 1x3L. to Tromsø lab. 4 mm: 1x10L. 1_mm: 1x5L.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3121 3202 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3122 3203 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3123 3204 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3124 3205 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3125 3206 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira kontroll Yes Video 3126 3207 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3127 3208 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3128 3209 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3129 3210 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3130 3211 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3131 3212 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3131 10 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 8 (0020-0027).
Utsira Nord Yes Multicorer 3131 11 4 cores (NGU:3, IMR:1).
Utsira Nord Yes Beamtrawl 3131 12 Subsample: 50 percent. 5_mm: 1x10L (formalin) + Porifera: 1x5L (ethanol). 1_mm: 1x3L (ethanol). Photo: 7 (0028-0034).
Utsira Nord Yes RP-sledge 3131 14 Subsample: 100 percent. EtOH. 0.5_mm dec: 1x3 L to TROMSØ. 4_mm: 1x5 L. 1_mm: 1x10 L. Photo: -.
Utsira Nord Yes CTD 3131 396  
Utsira Nord No Small VV grab 3131 11  
Utsira Nord No Small VV grab 3131 12  
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3131 13 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x5 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0011-0012).
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3131 14 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0037-0038).
Utsira Nord No Small VV grab 3131 15  
Utsira Nord No Small VV grab 3131 16  
Utsira Nord No Small VV grab 3131 17  
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3131 18 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x5 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0011-0012).
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3131 19 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L. (formalin). Photo: 2 (0041-0042).
Utsira Nord Yes Boxcorer 3131 5 2 x cores for grain size (frozen). 2 photos (0043-0044).
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3132 3213 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3133 3214 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3134 3215 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3135 3216 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes CTD 3136 397  
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3136 3217 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3136 20 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L. (formalin). Photo: 2 (0045-0046).
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3136 21 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L. (formalin). Photo: 3 (0047-0049).
Utsira Nord No Small VV grab 3136 22  
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3136 23 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L. Photo: 2 (0050-0051).
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3136 24 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L. (formalin). Photo: 2 (0052-0053).
Utsira Nord No Small VV grab 3136 25  
Utsira Nord No Small VV grab 3136 26  
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3136 27 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L. Photo: 2 (0054-0055).
Utsira Nord No Boxcorer 3136 6  
Utsira Nord No Boxcorer 3136 7  
Utsira Nord Yes Multicorer 3136 12 4 cores (NGU:3, IMR:1).
Utsira Nord Yes Boxcorer 3136 28 Photo: 4 (0056-0059).
Utsira Nord Yes Large VV grab 3136 28 Photo: 4 (0056-0059).
Utsira Nord Yes Beamtrawl 3136 13 Subsample: 100 percent. 5_mm: 1x10 L(formalin) to Tromsø 1_mm: 1x3 L (ethanol) to Bergen Museum. Photo: 24 (0060-0083).
Utsira Nord Yes RP-sledge 3136 15 Subsample: 100 percent. EtOH. 0.5_mm dec: 1x1 L to TROMSØ. 4_mm: 1x10 L. 1_mm: 1x10 L. Photo: -.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3137 3218 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3138 3219 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3139 3220 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3140 3221 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord No Video 3141 3222 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3141 3267 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes CTD 3184 401  
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3184 3264 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Beamtrawl 3184 17 Subsample: 100 percent. 5_mm: 1x5 L (formalin). 1_mm: 1x3 L (ethanol, BM). Photo: 4 (0174-0177).
Utsira Nord Yes RP-sledge 3184 22 Subsample: 100 percent. EtOH. 0.5_mm dec: 1x3 L to TROMSØ. 4_mm: 1x3 L to BERGEN MUSEUM. 1_mm: 1x5 L to BERGEN MUSEUM.
Utsira Nord Yes RP-sledge 3184 23 Subsample: 100 percent. EtOH. 0.5_mm dec: 1x3 L to TROMSØ. 4_mm: 1x5 L to BERGEN MUSEUM. 1_mm: 1x10 L to BERGEN MUSEUM.
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3184 49 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0178-0179).
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3184 50 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0180-0181).
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3184 51 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L (formalin). Photo: 3 (0182-0184).
Utsira Nord No Small VV grab 3184 52  
Utsira Nord No Large VV grab 3184 52  
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3184 53 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0185-0186).
Utsira Nord Yes Small VV grab 3184 54 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0187-0188).
Utsira Nord Yes Boxcorer 3184 13  
Utsira Nord Yes Multicorer 3184 19 4 cores (NGU:3, IMR:1).
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3185 3265 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
Utsira Nord Yes Video 3186 3266 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3142 3223 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3143 3224 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: Yes.
NS4 Yes Video 3144 3225 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No
NS4 Yes Video 3145 3226 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3146 3227 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3147 3228 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3148 3229 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes CTD 3149 398  
NS4 Yes Video 3149 3230 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 No Small VV grab 3149 29  
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3149 30 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0084, 0086).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3149 31 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L (formalin). Photo: 3 (0087-88, 0091).
NS4 No Small VV grab 3149 32  
NS4 No Small VV grab 3149 33  
NS4 Yes Boxcorer 3149 34 2 cores taken for grain size. Photo: 3 (0092, 0093, 0099)
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3149 34 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L (formalin). Photo: 4 (0092-0093, 0098, 0099).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3149 35 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0100-0101).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3149 36 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x05 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0102-0103).
NS4 Yes Multicorer 3149 13 4 cores (NGU:3, IMR:1).
NS4 Yes Beamtrawl 3149 14 Subsample: 25 percent. 5_mm: 2x10 L (formalin). 1_mm: 1x3 L (ethanol, to BM). Photo: 8 (0104-0111).
NS4 Yes RP-sledge 3149 16 Subsample: 100 percent. EtOH. 0.5_mm dec: 1x3 L to TROMSØ. 4_mm: 2x10 L to BERGEN MUSEUM. 1_mm: 1x5 L to BERGEN MUSEUM. Photo: -.
NS4 Yes Video 3150 3231 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3151 3232 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3152 3233 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3153 3234 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3154 3235 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3155 3236 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3156 3237 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3157 3238 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3158 3239 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3159 3240 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3160 3241 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3161 3242 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3162 3243 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3163 3244 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3164 3245 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes CTD 3165 399  
NS4 Yes Video 3165 3246 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3165 37 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0112-0113).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3165 38 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0114-0115).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3165 39 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 6 (0116-0117, 0123-0126).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3165 40 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0118-0119).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3165 41 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin). Photo: 3 (0120-0122).
NS4 No Boxcorer 3165 8  
NS4 Yes Boxcorer 3165 9  
NS4 Yes Multicorer 3165 14 4 cores (NGU:3, IMR:1).
NS4 Yes Beamtrawl 3165 15 Subsample: 50 percent. 5_mm: 1x5 L (formalin). 1_mm: 1x3 L (ethanol, BM). Photo: 6 (0137-0142).
NS4 No RP-sledge 3165 17  
NS4 Yes RP-sledge 3165 18 Subsample: 100 percent. EtOH. 0.5_mm dec: 1x0.5 L to TROMSØ. 4_mm: 1x0.5 L to BERGEN MUSEUM. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L to BERGEN MUSEUM.
NS4 Yes RP-sledge 3165 19 Subsample: 100 percent. EtOH. 0.5_mm dec: 1x1 L to TROMSØ. 4_mm: 1x3 L to BERGEN MUSEUM. 1_mm: 1x3 L to BERGEN MUSEUM.
NS4 Yes Video 3166 3247 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3167 3248 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3168 3249 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3169 3250 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3170 3251 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3171 3252 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: Yes.
NS4 Yes Video 3172 3253 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3173 3254 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3174 3255 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes CTD 3175 400  
NS4 Yes Video 3175 3256 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3175 42 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x0.5 L (formalin). Photo: 2 (0143-0144).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3175 43 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3175 44 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin).
NS4 No Small VV grab 3175 45  
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3175 46 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin).
NS4 Yes Small VV grab 3175 47 Subsample: 100 percent. 1_mm: 1x1 L (formalin).
NS4 No Boxcorer 3175 10 Boxcorer sample was taken from Grab 48.
NS4 Yes Large VV grab 3175 48 2 x cores for grain size (frozen). 4 photos of surface (0157-0160).
NS4 Yes Multicorer 3175 15 4 cores (NGU:3, IMR:1).
NS4 Yes Beamtrawl 3175 16 Subsample: 100 percent. 5_mm: 1x10 L (formalin). 1_mm: 1x3 L (ethanol, BM). Photo: 13 (0161-0173).
NS4 No (?) RP-sledge 3175 20 Subsample: 100 percent. EtOH. 0.5_mm dec: 1x0.5 L to TROMSØ. 4_mm: 1x3 L. 1_mm: 1x3 L.
NS4 Yes RP-sledge 3175 21 Subsample: 100 percent. EtOH. 0.5_mm dec: 1x0.5 L to BERGEN MUSEUM. 4_mm: 1x3 L 1_mm: 1x3 L
NS4 Yes Video 3176 3257 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3177 3258 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3178 3259 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3179 3260 Videograb: No. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3180 3261 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3181 3262 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 Yes Video 3182 3263 Videograb: Yes. Sample for BM: No.
NS4 No Boxcorer 3183 12  
NS4 Yes Multicorer 3183 18 5 cores (NGU:4, IMR:1).
Table 1.- Summary of all sampling undertaken under the MAREANO program, sorted by area
Location Accepted? Equipment details Superstation Sample No. Videograb?
Hvaler Yes video 52 041 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 53 042 No
Hvaler Yes video 54 043 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 55 044 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 56 045 No
Hvaler Yes video 57 046 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 58 047 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 59 048 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 60 049 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 61 050  
Hvaler Yes video 62 051 Yes
Hvaler Yes BC 63 11  
Hvaler Yes video 63 052 Yes
Hvaler Yes MC 16 016  
Hvaler Aborted video 64 053 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 65 054 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 66 055  
Hvaler Yes video 67 056 Yes
Hvaler Yes MC 67 17  
Hvaler Yes video 68 057  
Hvaler Yes video 69 058 No
Hvaler Yes video 70 059 No
Hvaler Yes video 71 060 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 72 061 No
Hvaler Yes video 73 062 No
Hvaler Yes video 74 063 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 75 064 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 76 065 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 77 066 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 78 067 No
Hvaler Yes video 79 068 No
Hvaler Yes video 80 069 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 81 070 Yes
Hvaler Yes video 82 071 No
Hvaler Yes video 83 072 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T2 01 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 02 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 03 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 04 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 05 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 06 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 07 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 08 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 09 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 10 No
Hvaler-Tisler Yes video long T1 11 No
Table 2.- Summary of all sampling undertaken for the Frisk Oslofjord project.

5 - Recommendations

The new toktlogger system allows great flexibility of use and a high degree of automation in reporting. It is recommended that we initiate the station ourselves.

It would be good to have an additional computer in the video room where we could either run our own Olex, and/or a GIS that can read a feed of GPS data. This is to avoid having to request the bridge to change their Olex screen for us, particularly in the North Sea where there is a lot of maritime traffic. A computer with GPS-enabled GIS (e.g. QField) would enable real time data capture and field verification, which would also save time when needs for maps arise in the field.

The RP sledge needs its net replaced.

Need maintenance on all nine cod-ends.

When we drive the Chimaera, we sit in the video lab and observe fauna on two TVs. One is stuck on board G. O. Sars and the other is one that we carry with us for each cruise in a separate box. When there are particles in the water, these are dragged across the screen, and it is very difficult to see what we are supposed to observe. During this cruise, instrument tried to change settings on the TV on multiple times. This screen has become too old and should be replaced.

As it is today, there is almost no use in the screen, and we mainly used the one that is stuck on board for our observations. Nevertheless, there is a strong need for this screen during the dives in order for everyone who sits annotating fauna and geology to have good working conditions (the room is not large and when everyone has to look towards the same screen we quickly get in the way of each other).

We used the Seabed Field Observer to collect data at the Tisler reef and were satisfied with the result. We mostly made use of its ability to record seabed features continuously, but also used it to annotate individual species. It shows great potential for targeted surveys like the Tisler reef survey. However, it is recommended that it be used on a computer, rather than on an ipad. Video work is conducted in a lab with all scientists sitting down and plenty of desk space available. There is no need for a portable device like an ipad. Also, the ipad screen is rather prone to making mistakes, as we need to keep our gaze on the main monitor, and therefore it is easier to click with a mouse, than to tap on a screen (we found our fingers slipped easily to the wrong button!).

5.1 - Wish list

Laser pointers for video room (4 units)

Soft, wide silicon hose for syphoning

Hose with kule (?)

Mouse mats

Hand rest support for keyboards, etc

Another trunk to store literature

New monitor (see above)

Fishing net needles

6 - Summary of all activities

A summary of all activities carried out at sea is presented in the following table, where each completed station is summarized by its planning number (P number), which gear types were used (“v” = regular video line, “v-long” special video line, “all” = CTD, video, VV grab, BC, MC, BT, RP), whether a sample was taken for emerging contaminants, its depth when known, the Reference and Video Line numbers assigned, and anything else that was noteworthy. Keep in mind that all other details can be extracted from Marbunn. The approximate time (CET) at which the activity was finished is included for some activities for calibration purposes. All exact (UTC) times can be extracted from the toktlogger files.

P number Gear Contam. Depth (m) R VL Time completed Notes
P58 v   -273 3110 3191 14.10.2022 22:30  
P59 v   -275 3111 3192    
P178 v   -274 3112 3193    
P88 v   -270 3113 3194    
P85 v   -265 3114 3195    
P87 v   -271 3115 3196 15.10.2022 10:00  
P90 v   -278 3116 3197    
P82 v   -269 3117 3198    
P83 v   -264 3118 3199 15.10.2022 16:00  
P79 v   -262 3119 3200    
P89 All   -264 3120 3201 16.10.2022 03:00 Box core not taken because considered damaged. Found out later it worked fine. Only 1 sledge sample instead of two due to currents being too strong
P93 v   -264 3121 3202    
P80 v   -276 3122 3203 16.10.2022 09:00 Winch broke down
Downtime (3 h)    16.10.2022 12:00 Winch fixed
P92 v   -275        
P179 v   -275        
P73 v   -272 3125 3206    
P78 v   -269 3126 3207    
P107 v   -260 3127 3208    
P98 v   -252 3128 3209    
P175 v   -261 3129 3210    
P109 v   -263 3130 3211 17.10.2022 07:00  
Stop at Utsira (1.5 h) 17.10.2022 09:30  
P104 v, 1 grab, MC, BT, 1 sledge   -273 3131 3212    
Stop at Utsira from 15:00 to 17:00 (1 h)   Doesn’t count towards downtime 100% because deck work (decanting sledge sample) was being carried out at the same time
P104 CTD, 4 grabs, BC   -273 3131   17.10.2022 21:00 Only 1 sledge sample instead of two due to currents being too strong
P113 v     3132 3213    
P101 v   -273 3133 3214    
P96 v   -269 3134 3215    
P170 v   -256 3135 3216 18.10.2022 10:00  
P169 All   -276 3136 3217 18.10.2022 21:00 2 BC attempts, both failed. No contam. sample taken (although planned). 1 extra grab (large) taken for carbon and grain size. Only 1 sledge sample instead of two due to currents being too strong
P97 v   -258 3137 3218    
P102 v   -279 3138 3219    
P112 v   -265 3139 3220    
P100 v   -268 3140 3221    
P168 only still rec   -176 3141 3222   Need to come back to this one!
Camera failure (total black out) on 19.10.2022 07:00 19.10.2022 15:30 Pan/tilt not working, but possible to use the grab cable to make at least one of the two work). Running next transenct with only pan function available (no tilt, no grab)?
Camera continues to fail (12 h, total)             Camera out of service. Decided to head to Skagerrak now!
Transit to Outer Oslo Fjord (19.10.2022 19:00:00) (20 h)           20.10.2022 15:00  
P35 v   -113 3142 3223   Test camera. All functions working again. Nephrops galore
P140 v   -180 3143 3224 20.10.2022 18:30  
P141 v   -234 3144 3225    
P32 v   -183 3145 3226    
P33 v   -121 3146 3227    
P12 v   -419 3147 3228    
P142 v   -144 3148 3229    
P27 All   -281 3149 3230 21.10.2022 13:00 Only 1 sledge sample instead of two due to currents being too strong. ~500 sea urchins caught in BT (Heidi takes the price!)
P18 v   -146 3150 3231    
P38 v   -135 3151 3232    
P144 v   -134 3152 3233    
P143 v   -184 3153 3234    
P40 v   -178 3154 3235    
P39 v   -161 3155 3236    
P36 v   -43 3156 3237   Video grab lost on seabed
P37 v   -84 3157 3238    
P30 v   -189 3158 3239    
P146 v   -292 3159 3240    
P3 v   -240 3160 3241 22.10.2022 08:00  
P15 v   -180 3161 3242    
P155 v   -126 3162 3243   New grab mounted on video rig
P29 v   -200 3163 3244    
P20 v   -198 3164 3245    
P156 All Yes -171 3165 3246 23.10.2022 00:30 Started 22.10.2022 15:30 (duration 9h, until next video line - though still some work left on deck). Dredge in the direction of current partly successful (kept short because of disturbed sediment).
P31 v   -125 3166 3247    
P16 v   -184 3167 3248    
P147 v   -169 3168 3249   Shipwreck, 40m in length, chimney from WWII period, but not military ship (probably cargo). Color blue.
N/A Multibeam         23.10.2022 08:00 Have ran with the multibeam over the area for a better impression
P23 v   -178 3169 3250 23.10.2022 09:00  
P149 v   -182 3170 3251    
P34 v   -123 3171 3252   Ran without tilt function
P19 v   -156 3172 3253   Tilt fixed again
P148 v   -121 3173 3254 23.10.2022 16:00  
P150 v   -148 3174 3255    
P154 All   -160 3175 3256    
P1 v   -256 3176 3257    
P151 v   -155 3177 3258    
P153 v   -347 3178 3259 24.10.2022 07:00 Extreme trawling here!
Stop at Larvik (7h) 24.10.2022 14:00  
P152 v   -77 3179 3260 24.10.2022 16:00 Jan Arne will now look at the zoom, which has become too jumpy/slow responding
F35 v   -122 52 041    
F31 v   -126 53 042    
F34 v   -103 54 043    
F33 v   -105 55 044    
F32 v   -58 56 045    
F28 v   -71 57 046    
F29 v   -78 58 047    
F26 v   -123 59 048    
F25 v   -165 60 049    
F27 v   -60 61 050    
F36 v   -62 62 051 25.10.2022 08:00  
F24 v, MC   -460 63 052   A trawler has just gone by the sampling station. Took BC but was overfull. Did video, then MC for chemical analyses
F23 v   -406 64 053   One of the navigation cameras has been turned to point at the grab, so that we no longer need to use the high-def camera for that. Line aborted half-way because of extremely poor visibility and little ability to capture decent footage due to slope and walls
F22 v   -416 65 054    
F21 v   -197 66 055   Heavily trawled area
F3 v, MC   -112 67 056    
F2 v   -107 68 057  25.10.2022 19:30  
F11 v   -59 69 058    
F10 v   -67 70 059    
F9 v   -104 71 060    
F12 v   -94 72 061    
F8 v   -37 73 062    
               
F19 v   -139 74 063    
F17 v   -326 75 064   Zoom only works in combination with tilt
F7 v   -92 76 065   Grab got loose. Up with the rig half way through to remove it. Then continued line.
F1 v   -122 77 066    
F13 v   -35 78 067    
F5 v   -115 79 068  26.10.2022 12:00  
F6 v   -124 80 069    
F14 v   -138 81 070    
F16 v   -143 82 071    
F15 v   -117 83 072    
F4 v   -216 84 073 26.10.2022 21:00  
T2 v-long     001    
T1 v-long     1 002    
T1 v-long     1 003    
T1 v-long     1 004    
T1 v-long     1 005    
T1 v-long     1 006    
T1 v-long     1 007    
T1 v-long     1 008    
T1 v-long     1 009    
T1 v-long     1 010    
T1 v-long     1 011 27.10.2022 16:00  
P21 v   -113  3180 3261    
P22 v   -161  3181 3262    
P4 v   -322  3182 3263    
P7MC BC, MC      3183   28.10.2022 02:00  
Transit Oslo Fjord to Utsira (started steaming 28.10.2022 02:00). With a stop at Flødevigen (1h, at 10:00) to pick up some samples that need transporting to Bergen (23 h) 29.10.2022 01:00  
P167 all Yes -276 3184 3264   Switch around the order of the gears (drag gears before drop gears) to accommodate the fact that we are short one deckhand
P86 v   -256  3185  3265    
P105 v   -233 3186 3266    
P168 v   -176 3141  3267    
P66 v   -263 3187 3268 30.10.2022 00:00  
Transit Utsira to Bergen 30.10.2022 08:00  
Table 3.- Summary of all activities completed, in chronological order

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