Report of the Joint Russian-Norwegian Working Group on Arctic Fisheries (JRN-AFWG) 2023

On 30 ^th March 2022 all Russian participation in ICES was temporally suspended. Although the announcement of the suspension stressed the role of ICES as a “multilateral science organization”, this suspension applied not only to research activities, but also to the ICES work providing fisheries advice for the sustainable management of fish stocks and ecosystems. As a result of the suspension, the ICES AFWG provided advice only for saithe, coastal cod north, coastal cod south, and golden redfish ( Sebastes norvegicus ). Northeast Arctic (NEA) cod, haddock and Greenland halibut assessments have been conducted outside of ICES in a newly constituted Joint Russian-Norwegian Working Group on Arctic Fisheries (JRN-AFWG). Although this work has been conducted independently of ICES, the methodologies agreed at ICES benchmarks and agreed HCRs (Harvest Control Rules) have been followed in providing this advice.

The Greenland halibut model has been revised at an ICES benchmark in 2023. The JRN-AFWG has agreed to use the new ICES model, with the addition of revising the Russian survey tuning index (as was recommended at the benchmark). Although the overall biomass level in the model has been revised, the trends and advice are similar to the old model. The Greenland halibut advice is for one year to bring the timing back in line with the slope survey, after this a two-year advice cycle will resume. The main worry with that stock is a history of TACs and catches well above advice. Given that the model is now indicating that the stock will drop below B _pa by the end of 2023, continuing to set quota above advice poses a risk of serious harm to the stock.

Advice on fishing opportunities for NEA cod

The NEA cod stock is continuing to decline following a period of moderate to poor recruitment. Following the agreed HCR, the advice is constrained by the interannual stability constraint criteria of 20% annual change in quota. Advice is that catches in 2024 should not exceed 453 427 tonnes.

Advice on fishing opportunities for NEA haddock

Advice is that catches in 2024 should not exceed 127 550 tonnes, down 25% from the advice for 2023 (constrained by the interannual stability constraint criteria of 25% annual change in quota. The haddock total stock biomass is declining as the relatively large 2016 yearclass is caught.

Advice on fishing opportunities for Greenland halibut

Advice is that catches in 2024 should not exceed 15 560 tonnes, down 16% from the advice for 2023. The stock is projected to drop below B_pa by the end of 2023. Note that this stock has a history of being fished above advice, and the advised quota is 38% below the TAC for 2023. There are signs of recent good recruitment, and projections indicate that the stock should increase in the medium term if catches are in line with advice.

23.06.23: Tables and figures in chapter 3 have been updated

 

This report presents the details of the stock assessments conducted for Northeast Arctic cod, haddock and Greenland halibut in ICES subareas 1 and 2. Due to the temporary suspension of Russian scientists from ICES, this is a joint Russian-Norwegian advice and explicitly not an ICES advice. However, the assessment methodology has followed the standard ICES procedure, using the models approved at ICES benchmarks and the Harvest Control Rules which have been evaluated as precautionary by ICES.

The work presented here would typically form a part of the ICES Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). In order to keep continuity with previous reports, and to minimize the chances of errors arising from renumbering given the tight deadline to prepare this report, the chapter numbers for each stock chapter are maintained from the last AFWG report (ICES 2021). This also allows for anyone with previous AFWG experience to locate information rapidly and easily. As a result, this report contains Chapter 1 (executive summary), Chapter 2 (this introduction, and the ecosystem overview), Chapter 3 (Northeast Arctic cod), Chapter 4 (Northeast Arctic haddock), and Chapter 8 (Greenland halibut).

2.1 - Introduction and ecosystem overview

The aim of this chapter is to identify important ecosystem information influencing the fish stocks. Ecosystem and climate changes, along with fishery, determine the stock dynamics of commercial species. Water temperature and ice conditions influence on distribution of the commercial fishes in the Barents Sea. Apart from this, temperature impacts on growth rate and mortality at the early stages (larvae, juveniles). Currents affect the strength of year-classes by providing transport of eggs, larvae and 0-group of commercial species from the spawning areas into the Barents Sea. Food availability is another important ecosystem driver that influence on the rate of growth and maturation of commercial fishes. It depends not only on the prey availability, but also on feeding competition. Mortality due to predation, including cannibalism, can greatly affect population abundance of commercial species. The impact of ecosystem changes on the dynamics of bycatches of juveniles and non-target species in mixed fisheries should also be taken into account.

Specification of the ecosystem impact on the assessed species :

Cod

The cod stock is decreasing. A further reduction is expected in stock size, which will lead to reduction of cod predation pressure on its prey species. It should be expected relatively less consumption of capelin, haddock and shrimp. The main effect of the ecosystem impact on cod stock dynamics is manifested in the change in the abundance of its recruitment. There were no strong year-classes of cod since 2005 despite high cod SSB. Meso-zooplankton is important for survival of larvae and 0-group cod, so their distribution must overlap with areas of relatively high plankton biomasses. Despite a large number of studies (see e.g. summary in Ottersen et. al, 2014), the underlying mechanism of the impact of the Barents Sea ecosystem on cod recruitment is still not well understood.

Haddock

Warm conditions are positive, but not sufficient to ensure good recruitment and growth. Plankton bloom (timing and strength) and influx are important for recruitment, and feeding conditions indices for the different age classes is important for growth and reproduction. In 2019-2020 feeding conditions of haddock in the Barents Sea were poor, which reduced its condition. Older haddock include a high proportion of benthic invertebrates in their diet, the availability of this prey group is not known. Reduction in cod stock, and increase in capelin could lead to less predation on haddock by cod, and therefore lower mortality on both pre-recruits and younger haddock recruited into the fishery.

Greenland halibut

The distribution of the Greenland halibut stock is very uneven in the Barents Sea and adjacent waters and strongly depends on the migrations that it makes throughout its life. The highest densities of adult fish are observed in spawning grounds on the slope of the continental shelf. Juveniles are widely distributed along the northern part of the shelf and their abundance in the Barents Sea may be affected by water temperature and currents, although the effect of these factors is not fully understood and uncertain. Growth and maturation of the Greenland halibut depend on prey abundance. Greenland halibut feed on zooplankton, capelin, herring, polar cod and other small fishes. Cod can be both predator and food competitor for Greenland halibut. Cannibalism can be also observed in areas with overlapping of adults and juveniles. Mammals can consume Greenland halibut in the spawning areas.

Beaked redfish

As a boreal species, it is benefiting from the warming in the Barents Sea. Its stock has increased in recent years. Feeding condition for beaked redfish in 2021-2022 were likely to be relatively stable. Cod and Greenland halibut are main predators for the beaked redfish. However, as abundance of these species is declining and abundance of capelin and polar cod is increased, the predation pressure on redfish probably is relatively low. In recent years, the mortality rate of young beaked redfish has been high due to bycatches in the shrimp fishery (ICES AFWG, 2023). This strongly depends on the overlap between the distribution areas of redfish juveniles and shrimp fishery areas. The stock size and distribution of shrimp as well as currents and temperature affect this.

Current situation :

Some features of the Barents Sea ecosystem that determined the distribution and development of fish stocks in 2022 and that will affect stocks dynamics in 2023 were considered at the annual meeting between Russian and Norwegian scientists, 15-17 March 2023 and are presented in the national Russian and Norwegian ecosystem status reports. The lack of synopticity and incomplete spatial coverage in the 2022 joint ecosystem survey (van der Meeren and Prozokevitch, 2023) makes the evaluation of the ecosystem status more uncertain than usual. In particular, the abundance of pelagic and 0-group fish is uncertain.

A warming was evident in 2022 in the Barents Sea, with temperatures well above the long-term mean (1981-2010). Ice coverage of the Barents Sea in 2022 was below average and close to that in 2021. Compared to 2021, the area averaged sea surface temperature in the northwest of the Barents Sea was higher by 0.3°C, in the southwest by 0.5°C, and in the southeast by 0.7°C. The area of the Barents Sea occupied by bottom waters with a temperature < 0°C amounted to 37% and was close to the level of the last three years (Fig. 1). According to the expert evaluation, Atlantic water temperature in the Murman Current in 2023 is expected to decline slightly but remain typical of warm years. Due to high temperatures and low sea-ice extent in recent years, the ice coverage of the Barents Sea is expected to remain below normal. Lower than average ice coverage and longer duration of ice-free season, increase primary productivity of the Barents Sea.

Euphausiids, amphipods and shrimp are important prey for most commercial fish in the Barents Sea. In 2022 the total biomass of euphausiids was slightly less than long term mean (2015-2021). In recent years, the northern shrimp stock has remained stable, showing fluctuations but without a clear trend.

Capelin, polar cod and young herring are the main forage pelagic fish in the Barents Sea, which are important prey for most predators in the area, including commercial demersal species. These species are very sensitive to various changes in the ecosystem, the influence of predators, fishing, or the plankton availability. Historically, their stocks change rapidly depending on year-classes strength. Capelin abundance is still around average level, although the lack of coverage of pelagic fish in the eastern part of the Barents Sea during the ecosystem survey in 2022 makes the situation somewhat uncertain. The capelin stock is expected to decrease in 2023-2024 due to below average recruitment. The 2022 year- class of herring was very abundant in the ecosystem survey as 0-group and also frequently found in cod stomachs in autumn 2022. This strong herring year class may have a negative impact on capelin recruitment. Polar cod biomass index was at a high level in 2021, the situation in 2022 and the outlook is uncertain due to lack of synoptic coverage during the ecosystem survey.

Cod is a main predator in the Barents Sea. Its diet was relatively stable in recent years; capelin was the main prey. The diet composition of cod in 2022 was similar to that in 2021 (Fig. 2). However, it should be mentioned increased importance of polar cod (up to 12 % by weight), as well as red king crab (from approximately 1 % by weight in previous years to 3.2 % in 2022) and herring. Fig. 3 shows the consumption by cod in the period 1984-2022. Consumption of most prey decreased from 2021 to 2022 due to decrease in cod abundance. Figs 2 and 3 are calculated using the same data but somewhat different methodology (see e. g. ICES AFWG 2021).

Fig. 4 and 5 show the proportion of cod and haddock in the diet of cod. Predation of cod on juvenile cod and haddock was relatively low in recent years, in particular in 2020 when the low abundance of the 2019 and 2020 year-classes of cod and haddock resulted in low abundance of the youngest (ages 0 and 1) cod and haddock for cod as predator.

Individual growth of cod has increased somewhat in the last couple of years. Feeding conditions for cod are expected to be adequate in the near future, as the cod likely will be able to feed on other prey if the capelin stock decreases (see Gjøsæter et al. 2009 for a discussion of ecosystem effects of capelin collapses). Also, the cod stock is decreasing so there will be less competition for food.

The diet composition of haddock is presented in Fig. 6

 

 

 

 

Reference

Gjøsæter, H., Bogstad, B., and Tjelmeland, S. 2009. Ecosystem effects of three capelin stock collapses in the Barents Sea. In Haug, T., Røttingen, I., Gjøsæter, H., and Misund, O. A. (Guest Editors). 2009. Fifty Years of Norwegian-Russian Collaboration in Marine Research. Thematic issue No. 2, Marine Biology Research 5(1):40-53. Doi: 10.1080/17451000802454866

Ottersen, G., Bogstad, B., Yaragina, N. A., Stige, L. C., Vikebø, F., and Dalpadado, P. 2014. A review of early life history dynamics of Barents Sea cod (Gadus morhua). ICES Journal of Marine Science 71(8): 2064-2087.

The state of biological resources of the Barents, White and Kara Seas and the North Atlantic in 2023. Murmansk, PINRO 2023, 170 p.

van der Meeren, G. and Prozorkevitch, D. (eds.) 2023. Survey report from the joint Norwegian/Russian Ecosystem Survey in the Barents Sea and the adjacent waters August- December 2022. IMR/PINRO-report series x/2023 (in prep)

3.1 - Status of the fisheries

3.1.1 - Historical development of the fisheries (Table 3.1)

From a level of about 900 000 t in the mid-1970s, total catch declined steadily to around 300 000 t in 1983—1985 (Table 3.1). Catches increased to above 500 000 t in 1987 before dropping to 212 000 t in 1990, the lowest level recorded in the post-war period. The catches increased rapidly from 1991 onwards, stabilized around 750 000 t in 1994—1997 but decreased to about 414 000 t in 2000. From 2000—2009, the reported catches were between 400 000 and 520 000 t, in addition there were unreported catches (see below). Catches have been above the long-term average since 2011 and have decreased from a peak of 986 000 tonnes in 2014 to 693 000 tonnes in 2019-2020 before increasing to 767 000 tonnes in 2021 and decreasing again to 719 000 tonnes in 2022. The fishery is conducted both with an international trawler fleet and with coastal vessels using traditional fishing gears. Quotas were introduced in 1978 for the trawler fleets and in 1989 for the coastal fleets. In addition to quotas, the fishery is regulated by a minimum catch size, a minimum mesh size in trawls and Danish seines, a maximum bycatch of undersized fish, closure of areas having high densities of juveniles and by seasonal and area restrictions.

3.1.2 - Reported catches prior to 2023 (Tables 3.1-3.4, Figure 3.1)

The provisional catch of cod in Subarea 1 and divisions 2.a and 2.b for 2022 reported to the working group is 759 520 t (including both NEA cod and NCC catches).

The historical practice (considering catches between 62°N and 67°N for the whole year and catches between 67°N and 69°N for the second half of the year to be Norwegian coastal cod) has been used for estimating the Norwegian landings of Northeast Arctic cod up to and including 2011 (Table 3. 2 ). The catches of coastal cod subtracted from total cod catches in Subarea 1 and divisions 2.a and 2.b for the period 1960—2022 are given in Table 3.2. For 2012–2022 the Norwegian catches have been analysed by an ECA-version designed for simultaneously providing estimates of catch numbers-at-age for each of the two stocks.

Coastal cod catches in 2022 for the southern and northern area combined were 40 309 tonnes and this amount was as in previous years subtracted from the total cod catch north of 62° N to get the figure for NEA cod used in that assessment (Table 3.1 and 3.2).

The time series for coastal cod catches are now inconsistent with the coastal cod catches presented in ICES AFWG 2023 Chapter 2, as the coastal cod catch time series were revised at WKBarFar, but not the NEA cod time series. At WKBarFar, the proposal for revision of NEA cod catch data series was rejected, as Norwegian data for many years and age groups (especially ages 12+ in years prior to 2013) were changed considerably and the reason for this was not sufficiently explained. WKBarFar recommended that when the revision of the historical Norwegian catch data is ready it should be submitted to ICES for review, ideally by a review attached to the AFWG.

The catch by area is shown in Table 3.1, and further split into trawl and other gears in Table 3.3. The distribution of catches by areas and gears in 2022 was similar to 2021. The nominal landings by country are given in Table 3.4.

There is information on cod discards (see ICES AFWG 2021 section 0.4) but it was not included in the assessment because these data are fragmented and different estimates are in contradiction with each other. Moreover the level of discards is relatively small in the recent period and inclusion of these estimates in the assessment should not change our perception on NEA cod stock size.

In summer/autumn 2018, a Norwegian vessel caught 441 t of cod in the Jan Mayen EEZ, which is a part of ICES area 2a, mostly by long-line. Cod is known to occasionally occur in this area, but rarely in densities which are suitable for commercial fisheries. The cod caught in this area in 2018 was large (65-110 cm), and otolith readings and genetics both showed this cod to be a mix of Northeast Arctic and Icelandic cod. Norway did in 2019-2020 carry out an experimental long-line fishery during four different periods in each year in order to investigate further the occurrence of cod in this area in space and time as well as stock identity. A description of this fishery as well as a historic overview of cod observations around Jan Mayen is given in Bogstad (2023).

Quotas, catches and advice for the period 2019-2023 for cod in the Jan Mayen area are given in Table 3.1a. These catches are not included in the catch statistics for Northeast Arctic cod.

3.1.3 - Unreported catches of Northeast Arctic cod (Table 3.1)

In the years 2002—2008 certain quantities of unreported catches (IUU catches) have been added to the reported landings. More details on this issue are given in the Working group reports for that period.

There are no reliable data on level of IUU catches outside the periods 1990—1994 and 2002—2008, but it is believed that their level was not substantial enough to influence on historical stock assessment.

According to reports from the Norwegian-Russian analysis group on estimation of total catches the total catches of cod since 2009 were very close to officially reported landings.

3.1.4 - TACs and advised catches for 2022 and 2023

The Joint Norwegian-Russian Fisheries Commission (JNRFC) agreed on a cod TAC of 708 480 t for 2022, and in addition 21 000 t Norwegian coastal cod. The total reported catch of 759 520 t in 2022 was 30 040 t above the agreed TAC. Since 2015 JNRFC has decided that Norway and Russia can transfer to next year or borrow from last year 10% of the cod country’s quota. That may lead to some deviation between agreed TAC and reported catch. As an extraordinary measure due to expected underfishing of the TAC in 2021, JNRFC decided that it should be possible to transfer 15% of the TAC between 2021 and 2022, but for 2022-2023 the transfer was reset back to the agreed 10%.

The advice for 2023 given by JRN-AFWG in 2022 was 566 784 t based on the agreed harvest control rule. The quota established by JNRFC for 2023 was set equal to the advice. In addition, the TAC for Norwegian Coastal Cod was set to the same value for 2023 as for 2022: 21 000 t.

3.2 - Status of research

3.2.1 - Fishing effort and CPUE (Table A1, Figure 3.4-3.5)

CPUE series of the Norwegian and Russian trawl fisheries are given in Table A1. The data reflect the total trawl effort (Figure 3.4), both for Norway and Russia. The Norwegian series is given as a total for all areas. Norwegian data for 2011–2022 are not necessarily compatible with data for 2007 and previous years. Norwegian CPUE declined from 2020 to 2022 and reached the lowest level in the 2011-2022 time series (Figure 3.5). Note that double trawl is now the dominant gear in the Norwegian trawl fishery (Nedreaas WD02), but trends are the same for single and double trawl. Russian CPUE was the lowest since 2008 in all areas and in area 2a it was the lowest since 1999.

3.2.2 - Survey results - abundance and size at age (Tables 3.5, A2-A14)

Joint Barents Sea winter survey (bottom trawl and acoustics) Acronyms: BS-NoRu-Q1 (BTr) and BS-NoRu-Q1 (Aco)

The survey was carried out as planned with relatively good spatial coverage, although bad weather and ice limited the coverage somewhat.

Before 2000 this survey was made without participation from Russian vessels, while in 2001—2005, 2008—2016 and 2018-2023 Russian vessels have covered important parts of the Russian zone. In 2006—2007 the survey was carried out only by Norwegian vessels. In 2007, 2016, and 2021-2023 the Norwegian vessels were not allowed to cover the Russian EEZ. The methods for adjustment for incomplete area coverage are described in detail in Fall et al. (2023) and references therein. Table 3.5 shows areas covered in the time-series and the additional areas implied in the method used to adjust for missing coverage in the Russian Economic Zone.

Regarding the older part of this time-series it should be noted that the survey prior to 1993 covered a smaller area (Jakobsen et al . 1997), and the number of young cod (particularly 1- and 2-year old fish) was probably underestimated. Changes in the survey methodology through time are described in Fall et al. 2023 (Appendix 2). Note that the change from 35 to 22 mm mesh size in the codend in 1994 is not corrected for in the time-series. This mainly affects the age 1 indices.

It is likely that in recent years the coverage in the February survey (BS-NoRu-Q1 (BTr) and BS-NoRu-Q1 (Aco)) has been incomplete, in particular for the younger ages. This could cause a bias in the assessment, but the magnitude is unknown. The 2014–2023 surveys covered considerably larger areas than earlier winter surveys, and showed that most age groups of cod (particularly ages 1 and 2) were distributed far outside the standard survey area. The bottom trawl survey estimates including the extended area for 2014-2023 were used in the tuning data separately from the same index before 2014, as decided at WkBarFar 2021.

Lofoten acoustic survey on spawners Acronym: Lof-Aco-Q1

The estimated abundance indices from the Norwegian acoustic survey off Lofoten and Vesterålen (the main spawning area for this stock) in March/April are given in Table A4. A description of the survey, sampling effort and details of the estimation procedure can be found in Korsbrekke (1997). The 2023 survey results in biomass terms was 128 thousand tonnes, this is 30 % below the 2022 level and the lowest since 2001.

A pilot survey on spawning grounds north of the area covered by the Lofoten survey was carried out in 2023 (Korsbrekke 2023 WD03), at about the same time and in the same way as the Lofoten survey. The total abundance in that area was about 16% of that in the Lofoten area. The area covered by this pilot survey is mostly covered also by the winter survey, but with much larger distance between transects at that time. 

Russian autumn survey Acronym: RU-BTr-Q4

Abundance estimates from the Russian autumn survey (November-December) are given in Table A9 (acoustic estimates) and Table A10 (bottom trawl estimates). The entire bottom trawl time-series was in 2007 revised backwards to 1982 (Golovanov et al ., 2007, WD3), using the same method as in the revision presented in 2006, which went back to 1994. The new swept area indices reflect Northeast Arctic cod stock dynamics more precisely compared to the previous one - catch per hour trawling. The Russian autumn survey in 2006 was carried out with reduced area coverage. Divisions 2a and 2b were adequately investigated in the survey in contrast to Subarea 1, where the survey covered approximately 40% of the long-term average area coverage. The Subarea 1 survey indices were calculated based on actual covered area (40 541 sq. miles). The 2007 AFWG decided to use the “final" year class indices without any correction because of satisfactory internal correspondence between year class abundances at age 2—9 years according to the 2006 survey and ones due to the previous surveys.

This survey was not conducted in 2016 , but was carried out in 2017, when 79% of the standard survey area was covered (Sokolov et al 2018, WD 11). The index shows a reliable internal consistence and it was decided to use it in the assessment. This survey was not carried out in 2018-2022 and is discontinued.

Joint Ecosystem survey Acronym: Eco-NoRu-Q3 (Btr)

Swept area bottom trawl estimates from the joint Norwegian-Russian ecosystem survey in August-September for the period 2004–2022 are given in Table A14. This survey normally covers the entire distribution area of cod at that time of the year.

In 2014 this survey had an essential problem with area coverage in the north-west region because of difficult ice conditions. In the area covered by ice in 2014 a substantial part of population was distributed during 2013 survey. So, based on those observations AFWG decided in 2015 to exclude 2014 year from that tuning series in current assessment. In 2016 there was incomplete coverage in the international waters and close to the Murman coast. An adjustment for this incomplete coverage was made based on interpolation from adjacent areas (Kovalev et al 2017, WD 12). At this time of the year, usually a relatively small part of the cod stock is found in the area which was not covered in 2016. In 2017 and 2019 the coverage was close to complete, although the far northeastern part of the survey area (west of the north island of Novaya Zemlya) was not covered due to military restrictions. In 2018, a large area in the eastern part of the Barents Sea was not covered. Thus it was decided not to include 2018 data from this survey in the assessment.

The coverage in 2020 was less synoptic than usual, but it was decided to keep them in the assessment. The 2021 coverage was good, although as in several previous years, most of the international waters in the Barents Sea was not covered.

In 2022 the coverage of the Russian EEZ was done much later than the coverage of the Norwegian EEZ, with the entire survey period being from 15 August to 3 December (van der Meeren and Prozorkevitch, 2023). Also some areas were not covered. Indices based on the combined data have been calculated (Table A14), but due to the poor synopticity and incomplete coverage it was decided not to use this index in this year’s assessment.

The survey indices are calculated both the BioFox and StoX calculation methods, and as in earlier years, the Biofox series was used in the tuning. A research recommendation from WkBarFar was to unify these two methods for estimating indices from ecosystem survey. However, the benchmark decided to use weight at age from the StoX in calculations of weight at age used in the assessment.

Survey results - length and weight-at-age (Tables A5-A8, A11-A12, A15, A16)

Length-at-age is shown in Table A5 for the Joint survey in the Barents Sea in winter, in Table A7 for the Lofoten survey and in Table A11 for the Russian survey in October-December. Weight-at-age is shown in Table A6 for the Norwegian survey in the Barents Sea in winter, in Table A8 for the Lofoten survey, Table A12 for the Russian survey in October-December and Table A15 for the BESS survey (calculated using StoX). Table A16 presents combined data on Weight-at-age from winter survey and Lofoten survey.

Length and weight at age in the Joint winter survey in the Barents Sea was fairly stable from 2022 to 2023, with some increase noted for ages 4 and 7. Weight at age in the Lofoten survey increased from 2022 to 2023 for age groups 7 and decreased for ages 9 and 10. The size at age in the BESS survey increased from 2021 to 2022 for ages 3 and older, this could be partly related to the later timing of the survey.

3.2.3 - Age reading

The joint Norwegian-Russian work on cod otolith reading has continued, with regular exchanges of otoliths and age readers (see ICES AFWG 2021 chapter 0.7). The results of fifteen years of annual comparative age readings are described in Yaragina et al . (2009). Zuykova et al . (2009) re-read old otoliths and found no significant difference in contemporary and historical age determination and subsequent length at age. However, age at first maturation in the historical material as determined by contemporary readers is younger than that determined by historical readers. Taking this difference into account would thus have effect on the spawning stock-recruitment relationship and thus on the biological reference points. The overall percentage agreement for the 2017–2018 exchange was 87.7% (Zuykova et al. 2020 ) . The main reason for cod ageing discrepancies between Russian and Norwegian specialists remains the same, representing the latest summer growth zone, and different interpretations of the false zones. The general trend is that the Russian readers assign slightly lower ages than the Norwegian readers compared to the modal age for all age groups. This is opposite of what we have seen in previous readings, where the Russian readers has tended to be slightly overestimating the age compared to the Norwegian readers.

The trend with bias in NEA cod age determination registered for some years of the period 1992–2018 between experts of both countries is a solid argument to continue comparative cod age reading between PINRO and IMR to monitor the situation. The German participant has expressed an intention to join the age reading cooperation in future.

3.3 - Data available for use in assessment

Data for the period 1946–1983 are taken from the AFWG 2001 report (ICES CM 2001/ACFM:19) and were not revised at the WKBarFar benchmark in 2021.

3.3.1 - Catch-at-age (Table 3.6)

For 2022, age compositions from all areas were available from Norway, Russia, Spain and Germany.

There is still a concern about the biological sampling from parts of the Norwegian fishery that may be too low. Also the split between NEA cod and coastal cod may be affected by the sampling coverage. Data from Norwegian Coast Gard vessels’ length measurements onboard Russian vessels in some quarters of 2022 were used for calculation of age composition of Russian catches in Division 2b.

3.3.2 - Survey indexes available for use in assessment (Table 3.13, A13)

The following survey data series were available:

Fleet code	Name	Place	Season	Age	Years
Fleet 15*	Joint bottom trawl survey	Barents Sea	Feb-Mar	3–12+	1981–2013, 2014-2023
Fleet 16	Joint acoustic survey	Barents Sea+Lofoten	Feb-Mar	3–12+	1985–2023
Fleet 18	Russian bottom trawl surv.	Barents Sea	Oct-Dec	3–12+	1982–2017
Fleet 007	Ecosystem surv.	Barents Sea	Aug-Sep	3–12+	2004–2021**

*Survey indices for Fleet 15 were divided by two series (before and after 2014) in model tuning as decided at WKBarFar 2021.
**2022 data not used in the assessment

The tuning fleet file is shown in Table 3.13. Note that the joint acoustic survey (sum of Barents Sea and Lofoten acoustic survey indices) is given in Table A13.

Survey indices for Fleet 15 have been multiplied by a factor 100, while survey indices for Fleets 007, 16 and 18 have been multiplied by a factor 10. This is done to keep the dynamics of the surveys even for very low indices, because some models (e.g. XSA) adds 1.0 to the indices before the logarithm is taken.

3.3.3 - Weight-at-age (Tables 3.7-3.9, A2, A4, A6, A8, A12, A16).

Catch weights

For 2022, weight-at-age in the catch for areas 1, 2a and 2b was provided by Norway, Russia, Spain and Germany (Table 3.7). For ages up to and including 11, observations are used. Following the WKBarFar 2021 decision, weight at age in catch for the years 1983-present for ages 12-15+ are calculated by a cohort-based von Bertalanffy approach used to replace previous fixed values.

Stock weights

For ages 1—11 stock weights-at-age at the start of year y (W_a,y ) for 1983—2023 are calculated combining, when available, weight at age from the Winter, Lofoten, Russian autumn and ecosystem surveys. The details are given in the Stock Annex. For ages 12-15+ a similar approach as for weight at age in the catch was used.

3.3.4 - Natural mortality including cannibalism (Table 3.12, Table 3.17)

A natural mortality (M) of 0.2 + cannibalism was used. Cannibalism is assumed to only affect natural mortality of ages 3-6.

2022 data are available and 2021 data have been updated.

The method used for calculation of the prey consumption by cod described by Bogstad and Mehl (1997) is used to calculate the consumption of cod by cod for use in cod stock assessment. The consumption is calculated based on cod stomach content data taken from the joint PINRO-IMR stomach content database (methods described in Mehl and Yaragina 1992). On average about 9000 cod stomachs from the Barents Sea have been analysed annually in the period 1984—2022.

These data are used to calculate the per capita consumption of cod by cod for each half-year (by prey age groups 0—6 and predator age groups 1–11+). It was assumed that the mature part of the cod stock is found outside the Barents Sea for three months during the first half of the year. Thus, consumption by cod in the spawning period was omitted from the calculations.

An iterative procedure was applied to include the per capita consumption data in the SAM run. It is described in detail in Stock Annex.

For the cod assessment data from annual sampling of cod stomachs has been used for estimating cannibalism, since the 1995 assessment. The argument has been raised that the uncertainty in such calculations are so large that they introduce too much noise in the assessment. A rather comprehensive analysis of the usefulness of this was presented in Appendix 1 in the 2004 AFWG report. The conclusion was that it improves the assessment.

The data on cod cannibalism for the historical period (1946—1983) was included in assessment during the benchmark to make the time-series consistent (ICES 2015, WKARCT 2015). These estimates were based on hindcasted values of NEA cod natural mortality at ages 3—5 using PINRO data base on food composition from cod stomach for the historical period (Yaragina et al . 2018).

It was noted that for 2022, the consumption estimates may somewat overestimate age 1 consumption and underestimate age 3+ consumption. This is due to lack of length measurements for stomachs which contained high cod weight, they likely represent large prey but have partly been allocated to small prey as length measurements were mostly available for stomachs containing low weight of cod.

3.3.5 - Maturity-at-age (Tables 3.10-3.11)

Historical (pre–1982) Norwegian and Russian time-series on maturity ogives were reconstructed by the 2001 AFWG meeting (ICES CM 2001/ACFM:19). The Norwegian maturity ogives were constructed using the Gulland method for individual cohorts, based on information on age at first spawning from otoliths. For the time period 1946—1958 only the Norwegian data were available. The Russian proportions mature-at-age, based on visual examinations of gonads, were available from 1959.

Since 1982 Russian and Norwegian survey data have been used (Table 3.10). For the years 1985—2023, Norwegian maturity-at-age ogives have been obtained by combining the Barents Sea winter survey and the Lofoten survey. Russian maturity ogives from the autumn survey as well as from commercial fishery for November-February are available from 1984 until present. The Norwegian maturity ogives tend to give a higher percent mature-at-age compared to the Russian ogives, which is consistent with the generally higher growth rates observed in cod sampled by the Norwegian surveys. The percent mature-at-age for the Russian and Norwegian surveys have been arithmetically averaged for all years, except 1982—1983 when only Norwegian observations were used and 1984 when only Russian observations were used.

Russian data for the autumn survey for 2018 and later years were not available as the survey was not conducted. In WD1 5 , 2019, updated correction factors to allow for this when calculating the combined maturity-at-age in 2019 were calculated, based on historical differences between Norwegian and Russian data. These correction factors were then applied to the Norwegian data for 2020-2023.

The approach used for calculating maturity at age is the same as previously used and consistent with the approach used to estimate the weight-at-age in the stock, except that no data from the BESS survey are used. However, since survey data, both abundance indices and proportion mature, have been revised, the entire time series of ogives back to 1994 was revised at the benchmark. The proportions of mature cod for age 13–15 are set to 1 for the period 1984–present.

Maturity-at-age for cod has been variable the last years, particularly for ages 6–9. According to the combined data, maturity at age increased from 2022 to 2023 for age groups 7-9 (Table 3.11).

3.4 - Assessment using SAM

3.4.1 - SAM settings (Table 3.14)

The SAM model settings optimised by WKBarFar are shown in Table 3.14.

3.4.2 - SAM diagnostics (Figure 3.2 a-e)

Residuals for the SAM run are shown in Figure 3.2a, while model retrospective plots of F, SSB and recruitment are shown in Figure 3.2b. Historical retrospective pattern for final SAM run are shown in Figure 3.2c. Figure 3.2d compares observed and modelled catches in tonnes and Figure 3.2e shows the catchability by survey and age group.

The retrospective pattern is generally good (Figure 3.2b), with absolute values of Mohn’s rho < 10% for SSB, R and F.

The observed catch in tonnes in 2021 and 2022 is higher than modelled, and for 2021 just inside the confidence interval.

3.4.3 - Results of assessment (Tables 3.15-3.18, Figure 3.1)

Summaries of landings, fishing mortality, stock biomass, spawning stock biomass and recruitment since 1946 are given in Table 3.18 and Figure 3.1.

The fishing mortalities and population numbers are given in Tables 3.15 and 3.16.

The estimated F_5-10 in 2022 is 0.574, which is above F_pa and within the F_msy range (Table 3.18). Fishing mortality has been increasing steadily in recent years. The spawning stock biomass in 2023 is estimated to be 719 kt (Table 3.20), which is high but much lower than the peak in 2013 (2,239 kt). One should bear in mind that in the early part of the time-series (before the 1980s) the fraction at age of mature fish was considerably lower.

Total stock biomass in 2023 is estimated to 1,610 kt, which is somewhat below the long-term mean and well below the highest level observed after 1955 (3,728 kt in 2013).

It is noted that the exploitation pattern is still dome-shaped with a marked decrease in selectivity above age 12, although the dome-shape is not as strong than in assessments made before the 2021 benchmark.

M values (M = 0.2+cannibalism mortality) are given in Table 3.17. For ages 3—5 the M matrix in 1946—1983 also includes cannibalism mortality since the benchmark meeting in 2015 (WKARCT 2015).

3.5 - Reference points and harvest control rules

The current reference points for Northeast Arctic cod were estimated by SGBRP (ICES CM 2003/ACFM:11) and adopted by ACFM at the May 2003 meeting.

At the 46th session of JRNFC a new version of the management rule was adopted (see section 3.7.3) . The TAC advice for 2024 is based on the agreed harvest control rule.

3.5.1 - Biomass reference points

The values adopted by ACFM in 2003 are B_lim = 220 000 t, B_pa = 460 000 t. (ICES CM 2003/ACFM:11).

3.5.2 - Fishing mortality reference points

The values adopted by ACFM in 2003 are F_lim = 0.74 and F_pa = 0.40 (ICES CM 2003/ACFM:11). The F_msy for NEA cod was estimated by WKBaRFar 2021 to be in the range 0.40 - 0.60.

3.5.3 - Harvest control rule

The history of how the harvest control rule has developed is given in the 2017 AFWG report. JNRFC in 2015 asked ICES to explore the consequences of 10 different harvest control rules. This was done by WKNEAMP (ICES 2015, 2016). JNRFC in 2016 adopted one of the rules explored by WKNEAMP (Rule 6 in that report).

The current rule reads as follows:

The TAC is calculated as the average catch predicted for the coming 3 years using the target level of exploitation (F_tr ).

The target level of exploitation is calculated according to the spawning stock biomass (SSB) in the first year of the forecast as follows:

- if SSB < B_pa, then F_tr = SSB / B_pa × F_msy ;

- if B_pa ≤ SSB ≤ 2×B_pa, then F_tr = F_msy ;

- if 2×B_pa < SSB < 3×B_pa, then F_tr = F_msy × (1 + 0.5 × (SSB - 2×B_pa) / B_pa );

- if SSB ≥ 3×B_pa, then F_tr = 1.5 × F_msy ;

where F_msy=0.40 and B_pa =460 000 tonnes.

If the spawning stock biomass in the present year, the previous year and each of the three years of prediction is above B_pa, the TAC should not be changed by more than +/- 20% compared with the previous year’s TAC. In this case, F_tr should however not be below 0.30.

3.6 - Prediction

3.6.1 - Prediction input (Tables 3.19a)

The input data to the short-term prediction with management option table (2023—2026) are given in Table 3.19a. For 2023 stock weights and maturity were calculated from surveys as described in Sections 3.3.2 and 3.3.4.

Catch weights in 2023 onwards and stock weights in 2024 and onwards for age 3–11 are predicted by the method described by Brander (2002), where the latest observation of weights by cohort are used together with average annual increments to predict the weight of the cohort the following year. The method is given by the equation

W(a+1,y+1)=W(a,y) + Incr(a), where Incr(a) is a “medium term” average of Incr(a,y)= W(a+1,y+1)-W(a,y)

This method was introduced in the cod prediction in the 2003 working group. Since 2005 working group an average of the 3 most recent values of annual increments have been used for predicting stock weights. For catch weights the last 5-year period for averaging the increments is used (changed from 10-year period at the 2021 benchmark).

The maturity ogive for the years 2024—2026 was predicted by using the 2021-2023 average. The fishing pattern in 2023 and later years was set equal to the previous 3 years. The stock annex prescribes average over 5 years, but as there has been a clear shift in the fishing pattern in recent years towards exploiting younger fish, a 3-year average was considered to be more appropriate.

The stock number-at-age in 2023 was taken from the final SAM run (Table 3.16) for ages 4 and older. The recruitment at age 3 in the years 2023—2026 was estimated as described in section 3.7.2. Figure 3. 3 shows the development in natural mortality due to cannibalism for cod (prey) age groups 1-3 together with the abundance of capelin in the period 1984—2022. There was a decreasing trend in natural mortality, but the average M values for the last 3 years are used to predict natural mortality of age groups 3—6 for years 2023—2026 (based on benchmark decision, WKARCT 2015 and unchanged at WKBaRFar 2021). Predation mortalities in 2022 for age 3 and older could be somewhat underestimated as described in section 3.3.4.

The assessment shows an increasing F from 2012 to 2022. In accordance with the benchmark decision (WKARCT 2015, not reviewed at WKBarFar 2021) and with support from AFWG-2019 WD 11 (Kovalev and Chetyrkin, 2019), the last year’s assessment F in terminal year 2022 (status quo) is used for F in the intermediate year (2023). Table 3.19 shows input data to the predictions. The results of prediction show that the catch in 2023 predicted using F_sq is very close to the agreed TAC.

3.6.2 - Recruitment prediction (Table 3.19b-d )

At the 2008 AFWG meeting it was decided to use a hybrid model, which is a weighted arithmetic mean of different recruitment models. It was agreed to use the same approach this year. The input data for those models are the following time-series; ice coverage, intensity of interaction between the arctic and boreal oceanic systems on the shelf of the Barents Sea, temperature and oxygen saturation at the Kola section. Input data to the prediction are presented in Tables 3.19b-c and prognosis from all the models, including the hybrid is presented in Table 3.19d. Since 2014 the hybrid model is based on objective weighting of different sub-models and includes the RCT3 model (see AFWG report 2021 section 1.4 for details). The numbers-at-age 3 calculated by the hybrid method were: 446 million for the 2020 year class, 209 million for the 2021 year class, 439 million for the 2022 year class and 400 million for the 2023 year class (Table 3.19d).

Although age 3 indices from the winter bottom trawl and acoustic surveys are now also included in the SAM tuning, it was decided at the benchmark to continue using in the predictions recruitment estimates at age 3 in the assessment year ( intermediate year in prediction) from the hybrid model. The difference between the SAM estimate and the hybrid model estimate of age 3 in 2023 was large (188 vs. 446 million individuals). Such a discrepancy was also observed in the 2022 assessment (189 vs. 476 million individuals for 2019 year class), and the SAM estimate for the 2019 year class at age 3 is practically unchanged this year (from 189 million in 2022 assessment to 197 million in this year’s assessment). It is also noted that the retrospective pattern for recruitment estimated by SAM in recent years is quite good as shown in Fig. 3.2b (Mohn’s rho 7%).

Despite these discrepancies between hybrid and SAM in recent years and the associated inconsistent historical retrospective pattern for recruitment (Fig 3.2c), it was decided to use the hybrid model also this year. One reason for this is that the predicted generally low recruitment level is in line with recent survey observations of trends year-class strength, although the recruitment values by year differ.

However, a review of the methodology for predicting recruitment should be carried out before next year’s working group and if possible an improved methodology should be proposed.

3.6.3 - Prediction results (Tables 3.20-3.21)

The catch corresponding to F_sq in 2023 is 573 kt (Table 3.20). The resulting SSB in 2024 is 588 kt, which is 18 % lower than the SSB in 2023. Table 3.20 shows the short-term consequences over a range of F-values in 2024. The detailed outputs corresponding to F_sq in 2023 and the F corresponding to the HCR and F_pa in 2024 is given in Table 3.21. Summarised results are shown in the text table below.

Since SSB in 2023 is between B_pa =460 000 t and 2 × B_pa = 920 000 t, F = 0.40 is used in the 3-year prediction, giving catches of 357 377, 354 196 and 355 390 tonnes in 2024, 2025 and 2026, respectively. The average of this is 355 655  tonnes. According to the HCR the maximum year-to-year decrease in TAC is limited by 20 % which corresponds to a TAC of 453 427 tonnes for 2024. The HCR also says that SSB in the 3 preceding years (2024-2026) should be above B_pa for the 20% limit to apply, and a prediction with F=0.40 gives a SSB in 2026 of 558 361 tonnes, which is above B_pa .

Cod in ICES subareas 1 and 2. Annual catch options. All weights are in tonnes.

Basis	Total catch (202 4 )	Ftotal (202 4 )	SSB(202 5 )	% SSB change *	% TAC change **	% Advice change ***
ICES advice basis
Management plan^	453 427	0. 540	506 615	- 14	-20	-20
Other options
F = 0 .4****	357 377	0.40	586 401	0	-37	-37
F = 0	0	0	900 153	53	-100	-100
F = F202 2	475 016	0.574	489 013	-17	-16	-16
F pa	357 377	0.40	586 401	0	-37	-37
F lim	571 054	0.74	412 367	-30	1	1

Weights in tonnes.

^ 20 % decrease from TAC 2023

^* SSB 2025 relative to SSB 2024.

^** Catch 2024 relative to TAC 2023

^*** Advice for 2024 relative to advice for 2023

^**** F = 0.40 corresponds to the lower bound of the F_MSY range (0.40-0.60).

This catch forecast covers all catches. It is then implied that all types of catches are to be counted against this TAC. It also means that if any overfishing is expected to take place, the above calculated TAC should be reduced by the expected amount of overfishing.

3.6.4 - Medium-term predictions ( Figure 3.8)

The inputs for medium-term prediction are the same as for short-term ones. For years after terminal year in short-term prediction the same value as for this year are used for all parameters except target fishing mortality which is according to the HCR.

The stock size has been decreasing in recent years due to low incoming recruitment, downward adjustment of the stock size (due to model modifications at the benchmark in 2021) and increasing fishing mortality. The increase in fishing mortality is partly due to the 20% limit on annual reduction of TAC and 10-15 % transferring of quotas between years. Recruitment in coming years (2021-2024 year classes) is also estimated to be below average. The reason for low recent recruitment is not known. Previous periods of low recruitment have mainly occurred when temperature is below average, which is not the case at present.

The predictions for 2025 and following years indicate that a further 20% reduction in catch from 2024 to 2025 will be advised and then catches will stabilize around 350 000 tonnes and stock size will also stabilize around 1.3 million tonnes (Figure 3.8). However, SSB is now approaching B_pa , below which level recruitment may be impaired. Also, due to rather uncertain medium-term forecast in stock size, SSB might fall below Bpa in coming years in which case advice according to the agreed HCR will be further reduced and the 20 % stability constraint will no longer be applied.

3.7 - Comparison with last year’s assessment and prediction

3.7.1 - Comparison to 2022 assessment

The text table below compare this year’s estimates with the final 2022 JRN-AFWG estimates for numbers at age (millions), total biomass, spawning biomass (thousand tonnes) in 2022, as well as reference F for the year 2021.

*estimated by recruitment models **assuming Fsq

In the current assessment, the number at all ages was adjusted downwards compared to the 2022 JRN-AFWG assessment.

3.7.2 - Comparison to prediction

The change in the advice is large compared to last year. The advice for 2024 is 453 427 tonnes, while the advice for 2023 given by JRN-AFWG was 566 784 tonnes.

The 2023 assessment adjusted the stock size in recent years downwards. The main tendency for stock decrease in recent years was similar to last year’s assessment.

3.8 - Concerns with the assessment

The WG realizes that imprecise input data, in particular the catch-at-age matrix, and discontinuation of some surveys as well as incomplete spatial coverage and reduced synopticity in surveys could be a main obstacle to producing precise stock assessments, regardless of which model is used.

3.9 - Additional assessment methods

All models use the same tuning data.

3.9.1 - TISVPA (Tables 3.22-3.24, Figure 3.6a-c )

This year the TISVPA model was applied to NEA cod with the same settings as last year and using the same data as SAM except that natural mortality values from cannibalism were taken from the SAM runs. During WG the results of exploratory runs using the TISVPA model (Tables 3.22-3.24) were discussed. The residuals of the model approximation of catch-at-age and “fleets” data are presented in Figure 3.6a. Likelihood profiles for different data source are presented in Figure 3.6b. Retrospective run results are shown in Figure 3.6c.

3.9.2 - Model comparisons ( Figures 3.2a, 3.6a, 3.7)

Figure 3.7 compares the results of SAM and TISVPA, showing F, SSB, TSB and recruitment. Trends are similar in all models, but TISVPA gives higher F in 2022 and lower biomass in 2023 than SAM. However, recruitment in 2022 is higher in TISVPA than in SAM. Both models show a reasonable retrospective pattern (F igures 3.2a, 3.6c).

3.10 - New and revised data sources

This section describes some data sources, which could be revised or included in the assessment in the future.

3.10.1 - Consistency between NEA cod and coastal cod catch data (Table 3.2)

Consistency between the catch data used for NEA cod and coastal cod should be ensured. The revised catch figures used in the coastal cod assessment do not correspond to the difference between the total cod catch and the catch used in the NEA cod assessment (Table 3.2). These discrepancies will be adjusted when the NEA cod catch series are revised (section 3.2.2).

3.10.2 - Discard and bycatch data

Work on updating discard and bycatch data series is ongoing. Revised bycatch estimates in numbers for the period 2005-2022 are shown in ICES AFWG-2023 Fig. 0.1. At WKARCT in 2015 it was, however, decided not to include those data in the catch-at-age matrix.

The bycatch mainly consists of age 1 and 2 fish, but the bycatch is generally small compared to other reported sources of mortality: catches, discards and the number of cod eaten by cod. From 1992 onwards, bycatches of age 3 and older fish are negligible, because use of sorting grids was made mandatory. However, in 1985, bycatches of age 5 and 6 cod were about one third of the reported catches for those age groups. The year class for which the bycatches were highest, was the 1983 year class (total bycatch of age 2 and older fish of about 60 million, compared to a stock estimate of about 1300 million at age 3.

3.11 - References

Anon. 2022. Report of the Joint Russian-Norwegian Working Group on Arctic Fisheries (JRN-AFWG) 2022. IMR-PINRO Report Series 6-2022, 213 pp.

Bogstad, B. 2023. Jan Mayen—a new spawning and fishing area for Atlantic cod Gadus morhua . Polar Biology 46: 103-109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-022-03102-8

Bogstad, B. and Mehl, S. 1997. Interactions Between Cod ( Gadus morhua ) and Its Prey Species in the Barents Sea. Forage Fishes in Marine Ecosystems. Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Role of Forage Fish-es in Marine Ecosystems. Alaska Sea Grant College Program Report No. 97-01: 591-615. University of Alaska Fairbanks.

Brander, K. 2002. Predicting weight at age. Internal ICES note to assessment working groups. 2003. Software implementation of process models. Working Document No. 2 to the Arctic Fisheries Working Group, San Sebastian, Spain, 23 April- 2 May 2003.

Fall, J., Wenneck, T. de Lange, Bogstad, B., Fuglebakk, E., Godiksen, J., Høines, Å., Korsbrekke, K., Skage, M. L., Staby, A., Tranang, C. Aa., Windsland, K., Russkikh, A. A., and Kharlin, S. 2023. Fish investigations in the Barents Sea winter 2022. IMR-PINRO Joint Report Series 1-2023, 100 pp.

Golovanov S.E., Sokolov A.M., and Yaragina, N.A. 2007. Revised indices of the Northeast Arctic cod abundance according to the 1982-2006 data from Russian trawl-acoustic survey (TAS). Working Document #3 for AFWG 2007.

ICES 2001. Report of the Arctic Fisheries Working Group. Bergen, Norway, 24 April – 3 May 2001. ICES CM 2001/ACFM:19. 380 pp.

ICES 2003. Study Group on Biological Reference Points for Northeast Arctic Cod. Svanhovd, Norway 13-17 January 2003. ICES CM 2003/ACFM:11.

ICES. 2015. Report of the Benchmark Workshop on Arctic Stocks (WKARCT), 26-30 January 2015, ICES Headquarters, Denmark. ICES CM 2015\ACOM:31. 126 pp.

ICES 2015. Report of the first Workshop on Management Plan Evaluation on Northeast Arctic cod and haddock and Barents Sea capelin ( WKNEAMP-1) , , . ICES CM 2015/ACOM:60, 27 pp.

ICES 2016. Report of the second Workshop on Management Plan Evaluation on Northeast Arctic cod and haddock and Barents Sea capelin (WKNEAMP-2) , 25-28 January 2016, Kirkenes, Norway. ICES CM 2016/ACOM:47, 76 pp.

ICES. 2021. Benchmark Workshop for Barents Sea and Faroese Stocks (WKBARFAR 2021). ICES Scientific Reports. 3:21. 205 pp. https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.7920

ICES. 2021. Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). ICES Scientific Reports 3:58. 817 pp. https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.8196

ICES. 2023. Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). ICES Scientific Reports

Jakobsen, T., Korsbrekke, K., Mehl, S., and Nakken, O. 1997. Norwegian combined acoustic and bottom trawl surveys for demersal fish in the Barents Sea during winter. ICES CM 1997/Y:17.

Korsbrekke, K. 1997. Norwegian acoustic survey of Northeast Arctic cod on the spawning grounds off Lofoten. ICES C.M 1997/Y:18.

Korsbrekke, K. 2023. Some observations of Northeast Arctic cod spawning north of Lofoten Islands. WD 03, JRN-AFWG 2023.

Kovalev, Y., Prozorkevich, D., and Chetyrkin, A. 2017. Estimation of Ecosystem survey 2016 index in situation of not full area coverage. Working Document No. 12 to the Arctic Fisheries Working Group, Copenhagen, 18-25 April 2017.

Kovalev, Y., and Chetyrkin, A. 2019. What does NEA cod want for prediction - Fsq or TAC constrain? Working Document No. 11 to the Arctic Fisheries Working Group. ICES. 2019. Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). ICES Scientific Reports. 1:30. 934 pp.

Mehl, S., and Yaragina, N. A. 1992. Methods and results in the joint PINRO-IMR stomach sampling program. In: Bogstad, B. and Tjelmeland, S. (eds.), Interrelations between fish populations in the Barents Sea. Proceedings of the fifth PINRO-IMR Symposium. Murmansk, 12–16 August 1991. Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway, 5–15.

Nedreaas, K. H. and Otterå, H. 2023. Effort and catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) for Norwegian trawlers fishing cod north of 67˚N in 2011-2022

Sokolov A., Russkikh A., Kharlin S., Kovalev Yu. A., and Yaragina N.A. 2018. Results of the Russian trawl-acoustic survey on cod and haddock in the Barents Sea and adjacent waters in October-December 2017. Working Document no. 11. ICES Arctic Fisheries Working Group, ICES CM 2018/ACOM:06.

Thygesen, U. H., Albertsen, C. M., Berg, C. W., Kristensen, K., and Nielsen, A. 2017. Validation of ecological state space models using the Laplace approximation Environmental and Ecological Statistics 24 (2): 317-339.

van der Meeren, G. and Prozorkevitch, D. (eds.) 2023. Survey report from the joint Norwegian/Russian Ecosystem Survey in the Barents Sea and the adjacent waters August- December 2022 . IMR/PINRO-report series x/2023 (in prep.)

WD 15. 2019. Updated mean ratios between the combined and Norwegian data on weight at age and maturity at age in Northeast Arctic cod. Working document no 15, AFWG 2019.

Yaragina N.A. Nedreaas K.H., Koloskova V., Mjanger H., Senneset H., Zuykova N. and Ǻgotnes P. 2009. Fifteen years of annual Norwegian-Russian cod comparative age readings. Marine Biology Research 5(1): 54-65.

Yaragina N. A., Kovalev Yu. A., and Chetyrkin A. 2018. Extrapolating predation mortalities back in time: an example from North-east Arctic cod cannibalism, Marine Biology Research: https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2017.1396342

Zuykova N.V., Koloskova V.P., Mjanger H., Nedreaas K.H., Senneset H., Yaragina N.A., Ågotnes P., and Aanes S. 2009. Age determination of Northeast Arctic cod otoliths through 50 years of history. Marine Biology Research 5(1): 66-74.

Zuykova N.V., et al. 2020. Report on the meeting between Norwegian and Russian age reading specialists at Polar Branch of FSBSI “VNIRO” Murmansk, 20-24 May 2019. Working document no 8 in: ICES. 2020c.Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). ICES Scientific Reports. 2:52. 577 pp. http://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.6050 .

Table 3.1. Northeast Arctic COD. Total catch (t) by fishing areas and unreported catch.

Year	Subarea 1	Division 2.a	Division 2.b	Unreported catches	Total catch
1961	409 694	153 019	220 508		783 221
1962	548 621	139 848	220 797		909 266
1963	547 469	117 100	111 768		776 337
1964	206 883	104 698	126 114		437 695
1965	241 489	100 011	103 430		444 983
1966	292 253	134 805	56 653		483 711
1967	322 798	128 747	121 060		572 605
1968	642 452	162 472	269 254		1 074 084
1969	679 373	255 599	262 254		1 197 226
1970	603 855	243 835	85 556		933 246
1971	312 505	319 623	56 920		689 048
1972	197 015	335 257	32 982		565 254
1973	492 716	211 762	88 207		792 685
1974	723 489	124 214	254 730		1 102 433
1975	561 701	120 276	147 400		829 377
1976	526 685	237 245	103 533		867 463
1977	538 231	257 073	109 997		905 301
1978	418 265	263 157	17 293		698 715
1979	195 166	235 449	9 923		440 538
1980	168 671	199 313	12 450		380 434
1981	137 033	245 167	16 837		399 037
1982	96 576	236 125	31 029		363 730
1983	64 803	200 279	24 910		289 992
1984	54 317	197 573	25 761		277 651
1985	112 605	173 559	21 756		307 920
1986	157 631	202 688	69 794		430 113
1987	146 106	245 387	131 578		523 071
1988	166 649	209 930	58 360		434 939
1989	164 512	149 360	18 609		332 481
1990	62 272	99 465	25 263	25 000	212 000
1991	70 970	156 966	41 222	50 000	319 158
1992	124 219	172 532	86 483	130 000	513 234
1993	195 771	269 383	66 457	50 000	581 611
1994	353 425	306 417	86 244	25 000	771 086
1995	251 448	317 585	170 966		739 999
1996	278 364	297 237	156 627		732 228
1997	273 376	326 689	162 338		762 403
1998	250 815	257 398	84 411		592 624
1999	159 021	216 898	108 991		484 910
2000	137 197	204 167	73 506		414 870
2001	142 628	185 890	97 953		426 471
2002	184 789	189 013	71 242	90 000	535 045
2003	163 109	222 052	51 829	115 000	551 990
2004	177 888	219 261	92 296	117 000	606 445
2005	159 573	194 644	121 059	166 000	641 276
2006	159 851	204 603	104 743	67 100	537 642
2007	152 522	195 383	97 891	41 087	486 883
2008	144 905	203 244	101 022	15 000	464 171
2009	161 602	207 205	154 623		523 431
2010	183 988	271 337	154 657		609 983
2011	198 333	328 598	192 898		719 829
2012	247 938	331087	148 638		727 663
2013	360 673	421678	183 858		966 209
2014	320 347	468 934	197 168		986 449
2015	272405	375328	216651		864384
2016	321347	351468	176607		849422
2017	309902	360477	197898		868276
201 8	249397	321548	207681		778627
201 9	234985	318539	139084		692609
2020	234029	298707	160166		692903
2021	281198	268942	217144		767284
20221	236173	256394	226644		719211

Data provided by Working Group members

1 Provisional figure

Table 3.1a Advice, quota and official Norwegian catches (tonnes) in the fishery zone around Jan Mayen (part of ICES area 2a).

Year	Advice		TAC	CATCH
2018	-		-	441
2019	-		800	628
2020	-		800	522
2021	600		600	146
2022	347		347	276
2023	315

Table 3.2. Catches of Norwegian Coastal Cod in subareas 1 and 2, 1000 tonnes, which are removed from the NEA cod assessment.

Year	Norwegian catches of cod removed from the NEAC cod -assessment
v1960–70	38.6
1971–79	no data
1980	40
1981	49
1982	42
1983	38
1984	33
1985	28
1986	26
1987	31
1988	22
1989	17
1990	24
1991	25
1992	35
1993	44
1994	48
1995	39
1996	32
1997	36
1998	29
1999	23
2000	19
2001	14
2002	20
2003	19
2004	14
2005	13
2006	15
2007	13
2008	13
2009	15
2010	13.5
2011	18.8
2012	35.5
2013	30.1
2014	33.6
2015	35.8
2016	54.9
2017	51.0
2018	36.3
2019	40.1
2020	45.3
2021	42.0
2022	40.3

Table 3.3. Northeast Arctic COD. Total nominal catch ('000 t) by trawl and other gear for each

		Subarea 1		Division 2.a		Division 2.b
Year		Trawl	Others	Trawl	Others	Trawl	Others
1967		238	84.8	38.7	90	121.1	-
1968		588.1	54.4	44.2	118.3	269.2	-
1969		633.5	45.9	119.7	135.9	262.3	-
1970		524.5	79.4	90.5	153.3	85.6	-
1971		253.1	59.4	74.5	245.1	56.9	-
1972		158.1	38.9	49.9	285.4	33	-
1973		459	33.7	39.4	172.4	88.2	-
1974		677	46.5	41	83.2	254.7	-
1975		526.3	35.4	33.7	86.6	147.4	-
1976		466.5	60.2	112.3	124.9	103.5	-
1977		471.5	66.7	100.9	156.2	110	-
1978		360.4	57.9	117	146.2	17.3	-
1979		161.5	33.7	114.9	120.5	8.1	-
1980		133.3	35.4	83.7	115.6	12.5	-
1981		91.5	45.1	77.2	167.9	17.2	-
1982		44.8	51.8	65.1	171	21	-
1983		36.6	28.2	56.6	143.7	24.9	-
1984		24.5	29.8	46.9	150.7	25.6	-
1985		72.4	40.2	60.7	112.8	21.5	-
1986		109.5	48.1	116.3	86.4	69.8	-
1987		126.3	19.8	167.9	77.5	129.9	1.7
1988		149.1	17.6	122	88	58.2	0.2
1989		144.4	19.5	68.9	81.2	19.1	0.1
1990		51.4	10.9	47.4	52.1	24.5	0.8
1991		58.9	12.1	73	84	40	1.2
1992		103.7	20.5	79.7	92.8	85.6	0.9
1993		165.1	30.7	155.5	113.9	66.3	0.2
1994		312.1	41.3	165.8	140.6	84.3	1.9
1995		218.1	33.3	174.3	143.3	160.3	10.7
1996		248.9	32.7	137.1	159	147.7	6.8
1997		235.6	37.7	150.5	176.2	154.7	7.6
1998		219.8	31	127	130.4	82.7	1.7
1999		133.3	25.7	101.9	115	107.2	1.8
2000		111.7	25.5	105.4	98.8	72.2	1.3
2001		119.1	23.5	83.1	102.8	95.4	2.5
2002		147.4	37.4	83.4	105.6	69.9	1.3
2003		146	17.1	107.8	114.2	50.1	1.8
2004		154.4	23.5	100.3	118.9	88.8	3.5
2005		132.4	27.2	87	107.7	115.4	5.6
2006		141.8	18.1	91.2	113.4	100.1	4.6
2007		129.6	22.9	84.8	110.6	91.6	6.3
2008		123.8	21.1	94.8	108.4	95.3	5.7
2009		130.1	31.5	102	105.2	142.1	11.4
2010		151.1	32.9	130	141.4	149.2	5.4
2011		158.1	38.4	163.5	167	181	11.9
2012		212.1	35.9	172.7	158.4	133.8	14.9
2013		308.5	52.2	216.9	204.7	159.7	24.1
2014		268.8	51.5	246.8	222.1	177.9	19.3
2015		224.3	48.1	192.2	183.2	197.7	19.0
2016		285.5	35.8	181.7	169.8	156.3	20.3
2017		265.4	44.5	189.5	171.0	180.0	17.9
201 8		204.7	44.7	156.7	164.9	192.0	15.6
201 9		199.4	35.6	177.8	140.7	128.9	10.1
2020		199.4	34.6	157.2	141.5	153.5	6.7
2021		220.8	60.4	120.2	148.7	202.1	15.1
2022	1	192.9	43.3	108.9	147.4	212.9	13.7

Data provided by Working Group members

1 Provisional figures

Table 3.4. Northeast Arctic COD. Nominal catch(t) by countries. (Subarea 1 and divisions 2a and 2b combined, data provided by Working group members

Year	Faroe Islands	France	German Dem.Rep.	Fed.Rep. Germany	Greenland	Iceland	Norway	Poland	United Kingdom		Russia**	Spain	Others	Total
1961	3934	13755	3921	8129			268377	-		158113	325780		1212	783221
1962	3109	20482	1532	6503			225615	-		175020	476760		245	909266
1963	-	18318	129	4223			205056	108		129779	417964		-	775577
1964	-	8634	297	3202			149878	-		94549	180550		585	437695
1965	-	526	91	3670			197085	-		89962	152780		816	444930
1966	-	2967	228	4284			203792	-		103012	169300		121	483704
1967	-	664	45	3632			218910	-		87008	262340		6	572605
1968	-	-	225	1073			255611	-		140387	676758		-	1074084
1969	29374	-	5907	5543			305241	7856		231066	612215		133	1197226
1970	26265	44245	12413	9451			377606	5153		181481	276632		-	933246
1971	5877	34772	4998	9726			407044	1512		80102	144802		215	689048
1972	1393	8915	1300	3405			394181	892		58382	96653		166	565287
1973	1916	17028	4684	16751			285184	843		78808	387196		276	792686
1974	5717	46028	4860	78507			287276	9898		90894	540801		38453	1102434
1975	11309	28734	9981	30037			277099	7435		101843	343580		19368	829377
1976	11511	20941	8946	24369			344502	6986		89061	343057		18090	867463
1977	9167	15414	3463	12763			388982	1084		86781	369876		17771	905301
1978	9092	9394	3029	5434			363088	566		35449	267138		5525	698715
1979	6320	3046	547	2513			294821	15		17991	105846		9439	440538
1980	9981	1705	233	1921			232242	3		10366	115194		8789	380434
1981	12825	3106	298	2228			277818			5262	83000	14500	-	399037
1982	11998	761	302	1717			287525			6601	40311	14515	-	363730
1983	11106	126	473	1243			234000			5840	22975	14229	-	289992
1984	10674	11	686	1010			230743			3663	22256	8608	-	277651
1985	13418	23	1019	4395			211065			3335	62489	7846	4330	307920
1986	18667	591	1543	10092			232096			7581	150541	5497	3505	430113
1987	15036	1	986	7035			268004			10957	202314	16223	2515	523071
1988	15329	2551	605	2803			223412			8107	169365	10905	1862	434939
1989	15625	3231	326	3291			158684			7056	134593	7802	1273	332481
1990	9584	592	169	1437			88737			3412	74609	7950	510	187000
1991	8981	975		2613			126226			3981	119427***	3677	3278	269158
1992	11663	2		3911	3337		168460			6120	182315	6217	1209	383234
1993	17435	3572		5887	5389	9374	221051			11336	244860	8800	3907	531611
1994	22826	1962		8283	6882	36737	318395			15579	291925	14929	28568	746086
1995	22262	4912		7428	7462	34214	319987			16329	296158	15505	15742	739999
1996	17758	5352		8326	6529	23005	319158			16061	305317	15871	14851	732228
1997	20076	5353		6680	6426	4200	357825			18066	313344	17130	13303	762403
1998	14290	1197		3841	6388	1423	284647			14294	244115	14212	8217	592624
1999	13700	2137		3019	4093	1985	223390			11315	210379	8994	5898	484910
2000	13350	2621		3513	5787	7562	192860			9165	166202	8695	5115	414870
2001	12500	2681		4524	5727	5917	188431			8698	183572	9196	5225	426471
2002	15693	2934		4517	6419	5975	202559			8977	184072	8414	5484	445045
2003	19427	2921		4732	7026	5963	191977			8711	182160	7924	6149	436990
2004	19226	3621		6187	8196	7201	212117			14004	201525	11285	6082	489445
2005	16273	3491		5848	8135	5874	207825			10744	200077	9349	7660	475276
2006	16327	4376		3837	8164	5972	201987			10594	203782	9219	6271	470527
2007	14788	3190		4619	5951	7316	199809			9298	186229	9496	5101	445796
2008	15812	3149		4955	5617	7535	196598			8287	190225	9658	7336	449171
2009	16905	3908		8585	4977	7380	224298			8632	229291	12013	7442	523431
2010	15977	4499		8442	6584	11299	264701			9091	267547	12657	9185	609983
2011	13429	1173		4621	7155	12734	331535			8210	310326	13291	17354^	719829
2012	17523	2841		8500	8520	9536	315739			11166	329943	12814	11081	727663
2013	13833	7858		8010	7885	14734	438734			12536	432314	15042	15263	966209
2014	33298	8149		6225	10864	18205	431846			14762	433479	16378	13243	986449
2015	26568	7480		6427	7055	16120	377983			11778	381778	19905	9880	864384
2016	24084	7946		6336	8607	16031	348949			13583	394107	14640	15139	849422
2017	28637	9554		5977	13638	11925	357419			16731	396180	14414	13802	868276
2018	26152	6605		9768	12743	10708	333539			11533	340364	13143	14071	778627
2019	22270	6371		8470	7553	12294	282120			11214	316813	13939	11565	692609
2020	21679	5796		9725	7391	9734	289472			12113	312683	11403	12908	692903
2021	21767	4459		6190	8246	8933	337931			5426	352064	11080	11188	767284^^
2022*	21530	4988		7134	7688	6214	310145			7024	333697	12214	8577	719211^^

* Provisional figures
** USSR prior to 1991.
*** Includes Baltic countries.
^ Includes unspecified EU catches.
^^ In 2022 and 2023 assessment and advice was carried out by the Joint Russian-Norwegian working group on Arctic Fisheries (JRN-AFWG) which compiled catches for 2021 and 2022 and gave advice for 2023 and 2024.

Table 3.5. Barents Sea winter survey. Area covered (‘000 square nautical miles) and areas implied in the method used to adjust for missing coverage in Russian Economic Zone (REZ). “Index ratio by age” means that the index by age (for the area outside REZ) was scaled by the observed ratio between total index and the index outside REZ observed in the years prior to the survey.

Year	Area covered	Additional area implied in adjustment	Adjustment method
1981-92	88.1
1993	137.6
1994	161.1
199 5	191.9
1996	166.1
1997	88.4	56.2	Index ratio by age
1998	100.4	51.1	Index ratio by age
1999	118.5
2000	163.2
2001	164.7
2002	157.4
2003	147.4
2004	164.4
2005	179.9
2006	170.1	18.1	Partly covered strata raised to full strata area
2007	123.9	56.7	Index ratio by age
2008	165.2
2009	171.8
2010	160.5
2011	174.3
2012	151.3	16.7	Index ratio by age
2013	20 3.6
2014	2 66.8
2015	243.3
2016	228.0
2017	184.4	37.5	Index ratio by age
2018	236.3
2019	241.2
2020	203.2	25.1	Index ratio by age
2021	232.0	10.9	Index ratio by age
2022	232.7
2023	253.3

 

Table 3.6. Northeast Arctic cod. Catch numbers-at-age (Thous) SAM Wed May 31 08:24:02 2023

Year_age	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	+gp
1946	4008	10387	18906	16596	13843	15370	59845	22618	10093	9573	5460	1927	750
1947	710	13192	43890	52017	45501	13075	19718	47678	31392	9348	9330	4622	4103
1948	140	3872	31054	55983	77375	21482	15237	9815	30041	7945	4491	3899	4205
1949	991	6808	35214	100497	83283	29727	13207	5606	8617	13154	3657	1895	2167
1950	1281	10954	29045	45233	62579	30037	19481	9172	6019	4133	6750	1662	1450
1951	24687	77924	64013	46867	37535	33673	23510	10589	4221	1288	1002	3322	611
1952	24099	120704	113203	73827	49389	20562	24367	15651	8327	3565	647	467	1044
1953	47413	107659	112040	55500	22742	16863	10559	10553	5637	1752	468	173	156
1954	11473	155171	146395	100751	40635	10713	11791	8557	6751	2370	896	268	123
1955	3902	37652	201834	161336	84031	30451	13713	9481	4140	2406	867	355	128
1956	10614	24172	129803	250472	86784	51091	14987	7465	3952	1655	1292	448	166
1957	17321	33931	27182	70702	87033	39213	17747	6219	3232	1220	347	299	173
1958	31219	133576	71051	40737	38380	35786	13338	10475	3289	1070	252	40	141
1959	32308	77942	148285	53480	18498	17735	23118	9483	3748	997	254	161	98
1960	37882	97865	64222	67425	23117	8429	7240	11675	4504	1843	354	102	226
1961	45478	132655	123458	51167	38740	17376	5791	6778	5560	1682	910	280	108
1962	42416	170566	167241	89460	28297	21996	7956	2728	2603	1647	392	280	103
1963	13196	106984	205549	95498	35518	16221	11894	3884	1021	1025	498	129	157
1964	5298	45912	97950	58575	19642	9162	6196	3553	783	172	387	264	131
1965	15725	25999	78299	68511	25444	8438	3569	1467	1161	131	61	79	197
1966	55937	55644	34676	42539	37169	18500	5077	1495	380	403	77	9	70
1967	34467	160048	69235	22061	26295	25139	11323	2329	687	316	225	40	14
1968	3709	174585	267961	107051	26701	16399	11597	3657	657	122	124	70	46
1969	2307	24545	238511	181239	79363	26989	13463	5092	1913	414	121	23	46
1970	7164	10792	25813	137829	96420	31920	8933	3249	1232	260	106	39	35
1971	7754	13739	11831	9527	59290	52003	12093	2434	762	418	149	42	25
1972	35536	45431	26832	12089	7918	34885	22315	4572	1215	353	315	121	40
1973	294262	131493	61000	20569	7248	8328	19130	4499	677	195	81	59	55
1974	91855	437377	203772	47006	12630	4370	2523	5607	2127	322	151	83	62
1975	45282	59798	226646	118567	29522	9353	2617	1555	1928	575	231	15	37
1976	85337	114341	79993	118236	47872	13962	4051	936	558	442	139	26	53
1977	39594	168609	136335	52925	61821	23338	5659	1521	610	271	122	92	54
1978	78822	45400	88495	56823	25407	31821	9408	1227	913	446	748	48	51
1979	8600	77484	43677	31943	16815	8274	10974	1785	427	103	59	38	45
1980	3911	17086	81986	40061	17664	7442	3508	3196	678	79	24	26	8
1981	3407	9466	20803	63433	21788	9933	4267	1311	882	109	37	3	1
1982	8948	20933	19345	28084	42496	8395	2878	708	271	260	27	5	5
1983	3108	19594	20473	17656	17004	18329	2545	646	229	74	58	20	5
1984	6942	14240	18807	20086	15145	8287	5988	783	232	153	49	12	8
1985	24634	45769	27806	19418	11369	3747	1557	768	137	36	31	32	8
1986	28968	70993	78672	25215	11711	4063	976	726	557	136	28	34	14
1987	13648	137106	98210	61407	13707	3866	910	455	187	227	21	59	20
1988	9828	22774	135347	54379	21015	3304	1236	519	106	69	43	14	5
1989	5085	17313	32165	81756	27854	5501	827	290	41	13	1	11	16
1990	1911	7551	12999	17827	30007	6810	828	179	59	15	6	5	2
1991	4963	10933	16467	20342	19479	25193	3888	428	48	12	1	1	2
1992	21835	36015	27494	23392	18351	13541	18321	2529	264	82	3	9	1
1993	10094	46182	63578	33623	14866	9449	6571	12593	1749	377	63	22	1
1994	6531	59444	102548	59766	32504	10019	6163	3671	7528	995	121	19	4
1995	4879	42587	115329	98485	32036	7334	3014	1725	1174	1920	222	41	1
1996	7655	28782	80711	100509	54590	10545	2023	930	462	230	809	84	1
1997	12827	36491	69633	83017	65768	28392	4651	1151	373	213	144	238	1
1998	31887	88874	48972	40493	34513	26354	6583	965	197	69	42	22	53
1999	7501	77714	92816	31139	15778	15851	8828	1837	195	40	34	8	30
2000	4701	33094	93044	47210	12671	6677	4787	1647	321	71	11	1	14
2001	5044	35019	62139	62456	22794	5266	1773	1163	343	85	6	7	22
2002	2348	31033	76175	67656	42122	11527	1801	529	223	120	21	9	6
2003	7263	20885	64447	71109	36706	14002	2887	492	142	97	21	43	1
2004	2090	38226	50826	68350	50838	18118	6239	1746	295	127	39	16	8
2005	5815	19768	113144	61665	44777	20553	6285	2348	562	100	21	24	7
2006	8548	47207	33625	78150	31770	15667	7245	1788	737	210	26	45	155
2007	25473	43817	62877	26303	34392	11240	4080	1381	505	285	44	13	35
2008	8459	51704	40656	35072	14037	20676	5503	1794	715	229	42	26	13
2009	4866	38711	83998	46639	20789	8417	8920	1957	872	987	76	21	20
2010	1778	16193	53855	75853	36797	17062	4784	4325	3034	913	189	49	35
2011	1418	8033	32472	70938	73875	21116	11708	5058	3237	600	434	12	0
2012	2695	10462	16646	40372	70014	48315	12326	5214	1926	1124	317	70	24
2013	2903	13659	22752	21020	54231	74451	47124	9143	2963	694	449	89	145
2014	5234	19226	38407	36633	29901	56109	47540	22738	3717	1169	313	210	157
2015	4315	31383	41181	51209	33745	22530	23609	24553	16071	2510	468	134	254
2016	2076	11291	50231	43609	35265	23417	14592	20105	15862	4781	871	249	308
2017	6535	13128	28365	66504	46136	28507	15307	10073	12169	6465	1927	399	285
2018	6120	28569	27128	33816	54328	28323	16208	9722	7132	3740	2295	840	271
2019	4389	21405	48422	29849	26548	39759	17395	8883	4606	2109	715	564	322
2020	3992	22446	37649	52454	31009	20904	23618	11768	6130	1572	591	310	278
2021	2983	17935	54005	59732	59136	22397	14744	13589	4919	1737	678	228	344
2022	5725	23486	53467	68112	47067	30569	11776	6046	3797	1489	575	164	107

Table 3.7. Northeast Arctic COD. Weights-at-age (kg) in landings from various countries

Norway
Year				Age
	2		3	4	5		6	7	8		9	10	11		12	13	14		15+
1983	0.41		0.82	1.32	2.05		2.82	3.94	5.53		7.70	9.17	11.46		16.59	16.42	16.96		24.46
1984	1.16		1.47	1.97	2.53		3.13	3.82	4.81		5.95	7.19	7.86		8.46	7.99	9.78		10.64
1985	0.34		0.99	1.43	2.14		3.27	4.68	6.05		7.73	9.86	11.87		14.16	14.17	13.52		15.33
1986	0.30		0.67	1.34	2.04		3.14	4.60	5.78		6.70	7.52	9.74		10.68	12.86	9.59		16.31
1987	0.24		0.48	0.88	1.66		2.72	4.35	6.21		8.78	9.78	12.50		13.75	15.12	10.43		19.95
1988	0.36		0.56	0.83	1.31		2.34	3.84	6.50		8.76	9.97	11.06		14.43	19.02	12.89		10.16
1989	0.53		0.75	0.90	1.17		1.95	3.20	4.88		7.82	9.40	11.52		11.47		19.47		14.68
1990	0.40		0.81	1.22	1.59		2.14	3.29	4.99		7.83	10.54	14.21		17.63	7.97	14.64
1991	0.63		1.37	1.77	2.31		3.01	3.68	4.63		6.06	8.98	12.89		17.00		14.17		16.63
1992	0.41		1.10	1.79	2.45		3.22	4.33	5.27		6.21	8.10	10.51		11.59		15.81		6.52
1993	0.30		0.83	1.70	2.41		3.35	4.27	5.45		6.28	7.10	7.82		10.10	16.03	19.51		17.68
1994	0.30		0.82	1.37	2.23		3.35	4.27	5.56		6.86	7.45	7.98		9.53	12.16	11.45		19.79
1995	0.44		0.78	1.26	1.87		2.80	4.12	5.15		5.96	7.90	8.67		9.20	11.53	17.77		21.11
1996	0.29		0.90	1.15	1.67		2.58	4.08	6.04		6.62	7.96	9.36		10.55	11.41	9.51		24.24
1997	0.35		0.78	1.14	1.56		2.25	3.48	5.35		7.38	7.55	8.30		11.15	8.64	12.80
1998	0.38		0.68	1.03	1.64		2.23	3.24	4.85		6.88	9.18	9.84		15.78	14.37	13.77		15.58
1999	0.46		0.88	1.16	1.65		2.40	3.12	4.26		6.00	6.52	10.64		14.05	12.67	9.20		17.22
2000	0.31		0.65	1.23	1.80		2.54	3.58	4.49		5.71	7.54	7.86		12.71	14.71	15.40		20.26
2001	0.30		0.77	1.18	1.83		2.75	3.64	4.88		5.93	7.43	8.90		10.22	11.11	13.03		18.85
2002	0.31		0.90	1.40	1.90		2.60	3.55	4.60		5.80	7.40	9.56		8.71	12.92	8.42		17.61
2003	0.55		0.88	1.39	2.01		2.63	3.59	4.83		5.57	7.262	9.36		9.52	9.52	10.68		21.66
2004	0.54		1.08	1.41	1.95		2.69	3.46	4.77		6.72	7.90	8.66		12.21	14.02	16.50		11.37
2005	0.58		0.92	1.38	1.86		2.61	3.54	4.57		6.41	8.24	9.89		11.04	14.08	11.81		20.08
2006	0.51		0.97	1.45	2.06		2.71	3.56	4.57		5.53	6.61	7.53		8.55	8.44	9.82		12.31
2007	0.53		1.07	1.70	2.37		3.26	4.36	5.45		6.71	8.08	8.56		9.75	11.72	12.72		15.58
2008	0.65		1.12	1.70	2.44		3.32	4.41	5.61		6.84	8.25	9.31		10.54	12.45	13.59		21.15
2009	0.56		0.98	1.47	2.10		2.83	3.90	5.06		5.76	7.31	7.79		7.81	10.68	11.83		14.76
2010	0.55		0.95	1.46	2.06		2.93	4.02	5.40		6.44	7.19	8.43		9.11	10.46	11.39		15.55
2011	0.53		1.09	1.50	2.06		2.85	3.70	5.01		6.26	7.33	8.34		9.87	13.23
2012			0.83	1.32	1.92		2.65	3.52	4.71		6.34	8.11	9.92		11.31	13.45	15.75
2013	0.43		0.95	1.40	2.00		2.64	3.44	4.51		5.67	7.29	8.80		10.33	11.38	12.56
2014	0.59		1.07	1.55	2.15		2.80	3.70	4.57		5.78	6.97	8.35		9.46	10.99	12.28		15.49
2015	0.64		0.96	1.42	1.96		2.57	3.30	4.13		5.49	6.46	7.18		8.63	10.37	12.24		14.60
2016	0.59		0.96	1.46	1.99		2.71	3.57	4.56		5.78	6.82	8.08		9.33	10.01	11.68		14.79
2017	0.55		0.99	1.53	2.06		2.69	3.64	4.72		5.91	6.91	7.88		9.41	10.93	11.78		15.07
2018	0.62		1.05	1.51	2.11		2.80	3.48	4.54		5.80	6.97	7.64		9.11	10.29	11.35		14.05
201 9	0.51		0.96	1.43	2.02		2.72	3.60	4.51		5.80	6.91	7.94		8.89	10.94	11.55		14.49
2020	0.58		0.94	1.42	2.01		2.66	3.50	4.59		5.77	7.03	8.46		9.78	10.97	12.74		16.08
2021	0.39		0.75	1.27	1.86		2.55	3.42	4.52		5.86	7.13	8.55		10.09	11.79	12.98		15.75
2022	0.32		0.71	1.15	1.73		2.42	3.36	4.47		5.79	7.18	8.65		10.09	11.45	12.93		16.43

Table 3.7. Northeast Arctic COD. Weights-at-age (kg) in landings from various countries (continued)

Russia (trawl only)
Year				Age
		2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13		14	15+
1983		0.65	1.05	1.58	2.31	3.39	4.87	6.86	8.72	10.40	12.07	14.43
1984		0.53	0.88	1.45	2.22	3.21	4.73	6.05	8.43	10.34	12.61	14.95
1985		0.33	0.77	1.31	1.84	2.96	4.17	5.94	6.38	8.58	10.28
1986		0.29	0.61	1.14	1.75	2.45	4.17	6.18	8.04	9.48	11.33	12.35	14.13
1987		0.24	0.52	0.88	1.42	2.07	2.96	5.07	7.56	8.93	10.80	13.05	18.16
1988		0.27	0.49	0.88	1.32	2.06	3.02	4.40	6.91	9.15	11.65	12.53	14.68
1989		0.50	0.73	1.00	1.39	1.88	2.67	4.06	6.09	7.76	9.88
1990		0.45	0.83	1.21	1.70	2.27	3.16	4.35	6.25	8.73	10.85	13.52
1991		0.36	0.64	1.05	2.03	2.85	3.77	4.92	6.13	8.36	10.44	15.84	19.33
1992		0.55	1.20	1.44	2.07	3.04	4.24	5.14	5.97	7.25	9.28	11.36
1993		0.48	0.78	1.39	2.06	2.62	4.07	5.72	6.79	7.59	11.26	14.79	17.71
1994		0.41	0.81	1.24	1.80	2.55	2.88	4.96	6.91	8.12	10.28	12.42	16.93
1995		0.37	0.77	1.21	1.74	2.37	3.40	4.71	6.73	8.47	9.58	12.03	16.99
1996		0.30	0.64	1.09	1.60	2.37	3.42	5.30	7.86	8.86	10.87	11.80
1997		0.30	0.57	1.00	1.52	2.18	3.30	4.94	7.15	10.08	11.87	13.54
1998		0.33	0.68	1.06	1.60	2.34	3.39	5.03	6.89	10.76	12.39	13.61	14.72
1999		0.24	0.58	0.98	1.41	2.17	3.26	4.42	5.70	7.27	10.24	14.12
2000		0.18	0.48	0.85	1.44	2.16	3.12	4.44	5.79	7.49	9.66	10.36
2001		0.12	0.31	0.62	1.00	1.53	2.30	3.31	4.57	6.55	8.11	9.52	11.99
2002		0.20	0.60	1.05	1.46	2.14	3.27	4.47	6.23	8.37	10.06	12.37
2003		0.23	0.63	1.06	1.78	2.40	3.41	4.86	6.28	7.55	11.10	13.41	12.12		14.51
2004		0.30	0.57	1.09	1.55	2.37	3.20	4.73	6.92	8.41	9.77	11.08
2005		0.33	0.65	0.98	1.50	2.10	3.08	4.31	5.81	8.42	10.37	13.56	14.13
2006		0.27	0.68	1.05	1.49	2.25	3.16	4.54	5.90	8.59	10.31	12.31
2007		0.23	0.67	1.12	1.66	2.25	3.31	4.57	6.27	8.20	10.02	12.36	12.42
2008		0.28	0.64	1.16	1.74	2.65	3.58	4.74	5.73	7.32	8.07	9.52	12.52
2009		0.31	0.64	1.09	1.58	2.11	3.19	4.80	6.58	7.97	9.84	11.51
2010		0.25	0.57	1.00	1.64	2.28	3.14	4.53	5.98	8.03	9.71	10.70	13.53
2011		0.25	0.62	1.05	1.56	2.18	2.95	4.33	6.21	8.04	10.13	12.25	15.18
2012		0.29	0.60	1.07	1.66	2.25	2.95	4.17	6.23	8.58	11.08	12.24	14.07		15.22	16.39
2013		0.33	0.63	1.05	1.54	2.26	3.09	4.08	5.47	7.37	9.59	12.57	15.54		17.05
2014		0.32	0.61	1.05	1.61	2.26	3.15	4.00	5.24	7.13	9.46	11.18	14.47
2015		0.30	0.60	0.97	1.49	2.11	3.13	4.64	5.78	7.13	9.53	12.12	16.71		17.37
2016		0.26	0.55	0.97	1.53	2.20	3.19	4.50	6.12	7.97	9.55	10.95	14.35		14.74	17.25
2017		0.33	0.63	1.03	1.56	2.24	3.24	4.67	6.34	7.74	9.40	11.12	14.43		16.67	11.91
2018		0.33	0.68	1.06	1.62	2.40	3.22	4.66	6.23	7.79	8.91	10.26	11.26		13.41	10.14
2019		0.29	0.62	1.10	1.60	2.33	3.22	4.44	6.45	8.10	9.60	11.02	13.83		10.65	10.65
2020		0.27	0.47	0.93	1.44	2.05	2.95	4.28	5.73	7.59	8.45	10.66	12.26		12.18	12.23
2021		0.19	0.44	0.76	1.35	2.02	2.81	4.25	6.26	7.81	9.59	10.67	10.86		13.62	12.31
2022		0.39	0.62	0.91	1.42	2.21	3.22	4.45	6.15	8.16	9.91	10.83	11.96			10.33

Table 3.7. Northeast Arctic COD. Weights-at-age (kg) in landings from various countries (continued)

Germany (Division IIa and IIb)
Year				Age
		2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15+
1994			0.68	1.04	2.24	3.49	4.51	5.79	6.93	8.16	8.46	8.74	9.48	15.25
1995			0.44	0.84	1.5	2.72	3.81	4.46	4.81	7.37	7.69	8.25	9.47
1996			0.84	1.15	1.64	2.53	3.58	4.13	3.9	4.68	6.98	6.43	11.32
1997			0.43	0.92	1.42	2.01	3.15	4.04	5.16	4.82	3.96	7.04	8.8
1998		0.23	0.73	1.17	1.89	2.72	3.25	4.13	5.63	6.5	8.57	8.42	11.45	8.79
1999	1		0.853	1.448	1.998	2.65	3.473	4.156	5.447	6.82	5.902		8.01
2000	2	0.26	0.73	1.36	2.04	2.87	3.67	4.88	5.78	7.05	8.45	8.67	9.33	6.88
2001		0.38	0.80	1.21	1.90	2.74	3.90	4.99	5.69	7.15	7.32	11.72	9.11	6.60
2002		0.35	1.00	1.31	1.80	2.53	3.64	4.38	5.07	6.82	9.21	7.59	13.18	19.17	19.20
2003		0.22	0.44	1.04	1.71	2.31	3.27	4.93	6.17	7.77	9.61	9.99	12.29	13.59
2004	2	0.22	0.73	1.01	1.75	2.58	3.33	4.73	6.32	7.20	8.45	9.20	11.99	10.14	13.11
2005	3	0.57	0.77	1.13	1.66	2.33	3.36	4.38	5.92	6.65	7.26	10.01	11.14
2006	2	0.71	0.91	1.39	1.88	2.56	3.77	5.33	6.68	9.14	10.89	11.51	16.83	18.77
2007	3	0.59	1.35	1.79	2.51	3.53	4.00	4.95	6.55	7.54	9.71	11.40	11.57	23.34	15.61
2008	3	0.23	0.51	1.14	1.76	2.57	3.15	4.40	5.43	7.18	8.39	10.15	10.03	10.99	14.26
2009	3	0.35	0.60	1.19	1.83	2.96	4.08	5.61	6.97	8.55	9.13	10.54	13.34	10.30	17.06
2010	3	0.36	0.67	0.93	1.71	2.46	3.21	4.93	6.75	7.80	8.70	8.53	10.17	12.36	14.11
2011	1			1.75	3.09	3.30	3.28	4.13	4.99	6.61	7.91	9.38	10.79	14.67	14.91
2013	3			1.03	1.37	1.87	2.65	3.45	4.49	7.26	11.42	12.86	13.07
2014	4		0.68	0.96	1.39	1.69	3.06	4.07	5.65	8.15	10.36	13.07	13.52
2015	4	0.82	1.05	1.67	2.33	3.56	4.50	5.41	6.20	6.39
2016	1		1.38	2.60	3.55	4.81	6.33	7.61	8.90	9.26	10.83	13.41	16.84	17.03	17.76
2017	1		1.58	2.79	3.93	3.93	4.77	6.35	8.16	9.09	10.39	11.24	12.48	14.39	13.04
2018	3	0.58	1.16	1.76	2.45	3.34	4.13	5.81	7.16	8.99	9.96	10.85	11.73	14.01	17.79
2019	1		0.82	1.37	1.80	2.26	3.49	4.45	5.44	7.08	9.25	9.39	13.30	12.24	15.25
2020	5			1.6	1.63	2.48	3.13	5.01	5.93	8.36	9.31	12.16	12.96	12.77	14.08
2021	2		0.68	1.3	1.52	2.25	3.22	4.58	6.49	7.43	10.37	11.73	14.64	14.34	15.74
2022	1		0.59	0.82	1.40	2.20	3.04	4.13	5.54	7.36	8.56	10.79	13.12	14.96	15.18
1	Division IIa only
2	IIa and IIb combined
3	I,IIa and IIb combined
4	Division II b only
5	I and IIa combined

Table 3.7. Northeast Arctic COD. Weights at age (kg) in landings from various countries (continued)

Spain (Division IIb)
Year				Age
		2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15+
1994		0.43	1.08	1.38	2.32	2.47	2.68	3.46	5.20	7.04	6.79	7.20	8.04	10.46	15.35
1995		0.42	0.51	0.98	1.99	3.41	4.95	5.52	8.62	9.21	11.42	9.78	8.08
1996			0.66	1.12	1.57	2.43	3.17	3.59	4.44	5.48	6.79	8.10
1997	1	0.51	0.65	1.22	1.68	2.60	3.39	4.27	6.67	7.88	11.34	13.33	10.03	8.69
1998		0.47	0.74	1.15	1.82	2.44	3.32	3.71	5.00	7.26
1999	1	0.21	0.69	1.06	1.69	2.50	3.32	4.72	5.76	6.77	7.24	7.63
2000	1	0.23	0.61	1.24	1.75	2.47	3.12	4.65	6.06	7.66	10.94	11.40	7.20
2001		0.23	0.64	1.25	1.95	2.86	3.55	4.95	6.46	8.50	11.07	13.09
2002		0.16	0.55	1.00	1.48	2.17	3.29	4.47	5.35	8.29	12.23	9.01	12.16	15.2
2003			0.58	1.05	1.70	2.33	3.33	4.92	6.24	9.98	13.07	14.74	14.17
2004	1	0.31	0.56	0.80	1.28	1.96	2.59	3.72	5.36	5.28	7.41		11.43
2005	1		0.63	1.14	1.85	2.48	3.43	4.25	5.38	8.41	11.19	15.04	16.93
2006		0.30	0.61	0.99	1.46	2.04	2.55	3.39	3.50	4.70	6.36
2007		0.42	0.60	1.20	1.76	2.40	3.18	3.96	5.19	6.61	9.48	7.65	12.65	15.74	19.66
2009	1	0.12	0.45	0.95	1.60	2.18	3.36	4.52	6.04	7.30	9.42	10.35	11.47	12.54
2010	2	0.18	0.56	1.11	1.73	2.36	3.36	5.14	6.88	8.64	9.65	6.83
2011	1		0.45	0.90	1.26	1.84	2.55	4.08	5.61	8.17	8.14	7.31	8.91
2012	2		0.40	0.84	1.29	1.96	2.78	3.71	4.99	7.42		7.19	9.32
2013		0.17	0.72	1.06	1.63	2.36	3.14	3.90	4.36	6.55
2014		0.24	0.43	0.74	1.27	1.85	2.60	3.56	4.51	5.52	7.18	9.42	9.26	13.16	15.05
2015	2		0.40	0.80	1.19	1.79	2.45	3.38	4.41	5.85	6.64	7.48	6.77
2016	3	0.11	0.38	0.76	1.20	1.72	2.50	3.39	4.96	7.11	8.56
2017	2	0.12	0.42	0.75	1.17	1.69	2.50	3.39	4.47	5.69	5.93	6.00	10.91	13.57	10.52
2018	2	0.19	0.45	0.83	1.30	1.86	2.57	3.55	4.92	5.51	7.84	7.08	7.28
2019	2	0.19	0.39	0.90	1.30	1.85	2.65	3.48	4.83	5.96	5.67	7.04	8.36
2021	2		0.36	0.60	1.20	1.83	2.49	3.11	4.55	6.10	6.50	7.03		9.013	17.13
2022	2		0.49	0.80	1.25	1.83	2.77	4.06	5.52	7.71	8.87	12.18
1	IIa and IIb combined
2	I,IIa and IIb combined
3	I and IIb combined
Iceland (Sub-area I)
1994		0.42	0.85	1.44	2.77	3.54	4.08	5.84	6.37	7.02	7.48	7.37
1995			1.17	0.91	1.60	2.28	3.61	4.73	6.27			6.26
1996			0.36	0.99	1.55	2.83	3.79	4.81	5.34	7.25	7.68	9.08	8.98	10.52
1997		0.42	0.43	0.76	1.60	2.40	3.45	4.40	5.74	6.15		8.28	10.52	9.89
UK (England & Wales)
1995	1			1.47	2.11	3.47	5.57	6.43	7.17	8.12	8.05	10.2	10.1
1996	2			1.55	1.81	2.42	3.61	6.3	6.47	7.83	7.91	8.93	9.38	10.9
1997	2			1.93	2.17	3.07	4.17	4.89	6.46		12.3	8.44
	1	Division IIa and IIb
	2	Division IIa
Poland (Division IIb)
2006		0.18	0.51	0.89	1.55	2.23	3.6	5.28	6.95	8.478	11	10.8	15.6	18.9
2008			0.49	0.90	1.45	2.24	2.79	3.82	4.68	5.015	6.45	7.02	7.22	5.99	6.91
2009				1.02	1.72	2.65	3.81	5.23	6.91	8.862	11.1	13.6	16.5
2010				1.39	1.66	2.29	2.98	3.92	5.18	6.313	6.66	8.72	9.05
2011				0.99	1.50	2.17	3.15	4.43	7.45	7.28
2016	1		0.84	1.59	2.29	2.81	3.91	4.78	5.61	6.709	7.89	8.54	11.6	13.7	16.09
2017	2		0.71	1.23	1.52	2.47	3.52	4.78	6.97	9.193	9.95	10.9	14.1
2018	3		0.74	1.15	1.66	2.45	3.55	4.48	6.06	6.31	7.59	7.91	8.28	8.52	9.40
2019	1				1.57	2.00	2.69	4.04	5.61	7.23	9.13	11.62	12.41	13.46	11.47
	1	Division IIa
	2	Division IIa and IIb
	3	I and IIb combined

SAM Wed May 31 08:24:02 2023

Table 3.8. Northeast Arctic COD. Catch weights at age (kg)

Year_age	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	+gp
1946	0.35	0.59	1.11	1.69	2.37	3.17	3.98	5.05	5.92	7.2	8.15	8.13	9.25
1947	0.32	0.56	0.95	1.5	2.14	2.92	3.65	4.56	5.84	7.42	8.85	8.79	10
1948	0.34	0.53	1.26	1.93	2.46	3.36	4.220	5.31	5.92	7.09	8.43	8.18	9.43
1949	0.37	0.67	1.11	1.66	2.5	3.23	4.070	5.27	5.99	7.08	8.22	8.26	8.7
1950	0.39	0.64	1.29	1.7	2.36	3.48	4.520	5.62	6.4	7.96	8.89	9.07	10.27
1951	0.4	0.83	1.39	1.88	2.54	3.46	4.880	5.2	7.14	8.22	9.39	9.5	9.52
1952	0.44	0.8	1.33	1.92	2.64	3.71	5.060	6.05	7.42	8.43	10.19	10.13	10.56
1953	0.4	0.76	1.28	1.93	2.81	3.72	5.060	6.34	7.4	8.67	10.24	11.41	11.93
1954	0.44	0.77	1.26	1.97	3.03	4.33	5.400	6.75	7.79	10.67	9.68	9.56	11.11
1955	0.32	0.57	1.13	1.73	2.75	3.94	4.900	7.04	7.2	8.78	10.08	11.02	12.11
1956	0.33	0.58	1.07	1.83	2.89	4.25	5.550	7.28	8	8.35	9.94	10.25	11.56
1957	0.33	0.59	1.02	1.82	2.89	4.28	5.490	7.51	8.24	9.25	10.61	10.82	12.07
1958	0.34	0.52	0.95	1.92	2.94	4.21	5.610	7.35	8.67	9.58	11.63	11	13.83
1959	0.35	0.72	1.47	2.68	3.59	4.32	5.450	6.44	7.17	8.63	11.62	11.95	13
1960	0.34	0.51	1.09	2.13	3.38	4.87	6.120	8.49	7.79	8.3	11.42	11.72	13.42
1961	0.31	0.55	1.05	2.2	3.23	5.11	6.150	8.15	8.68	9.6	11.95	13.18	13.42
1962	0.32	0.55	0.93	1.7	3.03	5.03	6.550	7.7	9.27	10.56	12.72	13.48	14.44
1963	0.32	0.61	0.96	1.73	3.04	4.96	6.440	7.91	9.62	11.31	12.74	13.19	14.29
1964	0.33	0.55	0.95	1.86	3.25	4.97	6.410	8.07	9.34	10.16	12.89	13.25	14
1965	0.38	0.68	1.03	1.49	2.41	3.52	5.730	7.54	8.47	11.17	13.72	13.46	14.12
1966	0.44	0.74	1.18	1.78	2.46	3.82	5.360	7.27	8.63	10.66	14.15	14	15
1967	0.29	0.81	1.35	2.04	2.81	3.48	4.890	7.11	9.03	10.59	13.83	14.15	16.76
1968	0.33	0.7	1.48	2.12	3.14	4.21	5.270	6.65	9.01	9.66	14.85	16.3	17
1969	0.44	0.79	1.23	2.03	2.9	3.81	5.020	6.43	8.33	10.71	14.21	15	17
1970	0.37	0.91	1.34	2	3	4.15	5.590	7.6	8.97	10.99	14.07	14.61	16
1971	0.45	0.88	1.38	2.16	3.07	4.22	5.810	7.13	8.62	10.83	12.95	14.25	15.97
1972	0.38	0.77	1.43	2.12	3.23	4.38	5.830	7.62	9.52	12.09	13.67	13.85	16
1973	0.38	0.91	1.54	2.26	3.29	4.61	6.570	8.37	10.54	11.62	13.9	14	15.84
1974	0.32	0.66	1.17	2.22	3.21	4.39	5.520	7.86	9.82	11.41	13.24	13.7	14.29
1975	0.41	0.64	1.11	1.9	2.95	4.37	5.740	8.77	9.92	11.81	13.11	14	14.29
1976	0.35	0.73	1.19	2.01	2.76	4.22	5.880	9.3	10.28	11.86	13.54	14.31	14.28
1977	0.49	0.9	1.43	2.05	3.3	4.56	6.460	8.63	9.93	10.9	13.67	14.26	14.91
1978	0.49	0.81	1.45	2.15	3.04	4.46	6.540	7.98	10.15	10.85	13.18	14	15
1979	0.35	0.7	1.24	2.14	3.15	4.29	6.580	8.61	9.22	10.89	14.34	14.5	15.31
1980	0.27	0.56	1.02	1.72	3.02	4.2	5.840	7.26	8.84	9.28	14.45	15	15.5
1981	0.49	0.98	1.44	2.09	2.98	4.85	6.570	9.16	10.82	10.77	13.93	15	16
1982	0.37	0.66	1.35	1.99	2.93	4.24	6.460	8.51	12.24	10.78	14.04	15	16
1983	0.84	1.37	2.09	2.86	3.99	5.58	7.770	9.29	11.55	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1984	1.42	1.93	2.49	3.14	3.91	4.91	6.020	7.4	8.13	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1985	0.94	1.37	2.02	3.22	4.63	6.04	7.660	9.81	11.8	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1986	0.64	1.27	1.88	2.79	4.49	5.84	6.830	7.69	9.81	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1987	0.49	0.88	1.55	2.33	3.44	5.92	8.600	9.6	12.17	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1988	0.54	0.85	1.32	2.24	3.52	5.35	8.060	9.51	11.36	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1989	0.74	0.96	1.31	1.92	2.93	4.64	7.520	9.12	11.08	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1990	0.81	1.22	1.64	2.22	3.24	4.68	7.300	9.84	13.25	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1991	1.05	1.45	2.15	2.89	3.75	4.71	6.080	8.82	11.8	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1992	1.16	1.57	2.21	3.1	4.27	5.19	6.140	7.77	10.12	11.42	12.8	14.18	15.55
1993	0.81	1.52	2.16	2.79	4.07	5.53	6.470	7.19	7.98	11.457	12.8	14.18	15.55
1994	0.82	1.3	2.06	2.89	3.21	5.2	6.800	7.57	8.01	9.955	13.012	14.18	15.55
1995	0.77	1.2	1.78	2.59	3.81	4.99	6.230	8.05	8.74	9.774	11.388	14.546	15.55
1996	0.79	1.11	1.61	2.46	3.82	5.72	6.740	8.04	9.28	10.451	11.19	12.819	16.045
1997	0.67	1.04	1.53	2.22	3.42	5.2	7.190	7.73	8.61	11.145	11.926	12.608	14.234
1998	0.68	1.05	1.62	2.3	3.3	4.86	6.870	9.3	10.3	10.754	12.676	13.394	14.011
1999	0.63	1.01	1.54	2.34	3.21	4.29	6	6.73	10.08	11.151	12.255	14.191	14.839
2000	0.57	1.04	1.61	2.34	3.34	4.48	5.72	7.52	8.02	11.93	12.682	13.743	15.675
2001	0.66	1.05	1.62	2.51	3.51	4.78	6.04	7.54	9	10.23	13.519	14.197	15.206
2002	0.72	1.13	1.56	2.31	3.52	4.78	6.2	7.66	9.14	10.379	11.687	15.081	15.681
2003	0.67	1.12	1.83	2.5	3.58	5.04	6.36	8.2	10.71	10.167	11.848	13.138	16.602
2004	0.72	1.13	1.61	2.43	3.27	4.72	6.71	7.98	9.19	10.84	11.619	13.31	14.571
2005	0.69	1.08	1.57	2.21	3.26	4.44	6.23	8.19	9.72	10.626	12.347	13.066	14.752
2006	0.72	1.16	1.6	2.39	3.32	4.54	5.47	6.78	7.7	10.8	12.116	13.842	14.494
2007	0.74	1.21	1.83	2.51	3.82	5.04	6.58	8.08	8.94	10.349	12.304	13.596	15.309
2008	0.77	1.27	1.87	2.82	3.79	5.12	6.22	7.75	8.4	10.139	11.816	13.795	15.052
2009	0.75	1.17	1.74	2.42	3.86	5.35	6.43	8.01	8.67	10.055	11.588	13.276	15.261
2010	0.78	1.2	1.74	2.44	3.4	5.04	6.25	7.32	8.53	10.378	11.496	13.033	14.715
2011	0.78	1.31	1.72	2.37	3.2	4.62	6.18	7.47	8.57	10.387	11.847	12.935	14.459
2012	0.67	1.14	1.73	2.34	3.12	4.4	6.28	8.24	10.35	10.367	11.857	13.309	14.356
2013	0.71	1.17	1.67	2.36	3.19	4.22	5.58	7.31	9.08	11.029	11.835	13.32	14.75
2014	0.79	1.2	1.73	2.34	3.28	4.21	5.49	6.98	8.67	10.823	12.551	13.297	14.761
2015	0.78	1.09	1.55	2.18	3.14	4.46	5.61	6.62	7.34	10.215	12.328	14.058	14.737
2016	0.78	1.14	1.66	2.26	3.25	4.5	5.98	7.31	8.54	9.372	11.67	13.822	15.536
2017	0.71	1.15	1.66	2.32	3.32	4.67	6.13	7.15	8.14	9.597	10.752	13.121	15.288
2018	0.86	1.17	1.71	2.5	3.31	4.61	6.03	7.32	8.06	9.707	10.998	12.137	14.552
2019	0.68	1.15	1.66	2.39	3.33	4.45	6.11	7.29	8.41	9.806	11.117	12.401	13.513
2020	0.709	1.084	1.604	2.195	3.092	4.39	5.731	7.218	8.406	9.989	11.226	12.529	13.793
2021	0.527	0.896	1.487	2.159	2.982	4.364	6.048	7.348	8.796	9.991	11.424	12.645	13.928
2022	0.623	0.956	1.478	2.245	3.247	4.441	5.877	7.328	8.738	10.122	11.427	12.858	14.051

SAM Wed May 31 08:24:02 2023

Table 3.9. Northeast Arctic COD. Stock weights at age (kg)

Year_age	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	+gp
1946	0.35	0.59	1.11	1.69	2.37	3.17	3.98	5.05	5.92	7.2	8.146	8.133	9.253
1947	0.32	0.56	0.95	1.5	2.14	2.92	3.65	4.56	5.84	7.42	8.848	8.789	9.998
1948	0.34	0.53	1.26	1.93	2.46	3.36	4.22	5.31	5.92	7.09	8.43	8.181	9.433
1949	0.37	0.67	1.11	1.66	2.5	3.23	4.07	5.27	5.99	7.08	8.218	8.259	8.701
1950	0.39	0.64	1.29	1.7	2.36	3.48	4.52	5.62	6.4	7.96	8.891	9.07	10.271
1951	0.4	0.83	1.39	1.88	2.54	3.46	4.88	5.2	7.14	8.22	9.389	9.502	9.517
1952	0.44	0.8	1.33	1.92	2.64	3.71	5.06	6.05	7.42	8.43	10.185	10.134	10.563
1953	0.4	0.76	1.28	1.93	2.81	3.72	5.06	6.34	7.4	8.67	10.238	11.409	11.926
1954	0.44	0.77	1.26	1.97	3.03	4.33	5.4	6.75	7.79	10.67	9.68	9.557	11.106
1955	0.32	0.57	1.13	1.73	2.75	3.94	4.9	7.04	7.2	8.78	10.077	11.023	12.105
1956	0.33	0.58	1.07	1.83	2.89	4.25	5.55	7.28	8	8.35	9.944	10.248	11.564
1957	0.33	0.59	1.02	1.82	2.89	4.28	5.49	7.51	8.24	9.25	10.605	10.825	12.075
1958	0.34	0.52	0.95	1.92	2.94	4.21	5.61	7.35	8.67	9.58	11.631	11	13.832
1959	0.35	0.72	1.47	2.68	3.59	4.32	5.45	6.44	7.17	8.63	11.621	11.95	13
1960	0.34	0.51	1.09	2.13	3.38	4.87	6.12	8.49	7.79	8.3	11.422	11.719	13.424
1961	0.31	0.55	1.05	2.2	3.23	5.11	6.15	8.15	8.68	9.6	11.952	13.181	13.422
1962	0.32	0.55	0.93	1.7	3.03	5.03	6.55	7.7	9.27	10.56	12.717	13.482	14.44
1963	0.32	0.61	0.96	1.73	3.04	4.96	6.44	7.91	9.62	11.31	12.737	13.193	14.287
1964	0.33	0.55	0.95	1.86	3.25	4.97	6.41	8.07	9.34	10.16	12.886	13.251	14
1965	0.38	0.68	1.03	1.49	2.41	3.52	5.73	7.54	8.47	11.17	13.722	13.465	14.118
1966	0.44	0.74	1.18	1.78	2.46	3.82	5.36	7.27	8.63	10.66	14.148	14	15
1967	0.29	0.81	1.35	2.04	2.81	3.48	4.89	7.11	9.03	10.59	13.829	14.146	16.756
1968	0.33	0.7	1.48	2.12	3.14	4.21	5.27	6.65	9.01	9.66	14.848	16.3	17
1969	0.44	0.79	1.23	2.03	2.9	3.81	5.02	6.43	8.33	10.71	14.211	15	17
1970	0.37	0.91	1.34	2	3	4.15	5.59	7.6	8.97	10.99	14.074	14.611	16
1971	0.45	0.88	1.38	2.16	3.07	4.22	5.81	7.13	8.62	10.83	12.945	14.25	15.973
1972	0.38	0.77	1.43	2.12	3.23	4.38	5.83	7.62	9.52	12.09	13.673	13.852	16
1973	0.38	0.91	1.54	2.26	3.29	4.61	6.57	8.37	10.54	11.62	13.904	14	15.841
1974	0.32	0.66	1.17	2.22	3.21	4.39	5.52	7.86	9.82	11.41	13.242	13.704	14.291
1975	0.41	0.64	1.11	1.9	2.95	4.37	5.74	8.77	9.92	11.81	13.107	14	14.293
1976	0.35	0.73	1.19	2.01	2.76	4.22	5.88	9.3	10.28	11.86	13.544	14.311	14.284
1977	0.49	0.9	1.43	2.05	3.3	4.56	6.46	8.63	9.93	10.9	13.668	14.255	14.906
1978	0.49	0.81	1.45	2.15	3.04	4.46	6.54	7.98	10.15	10.85	13.177	14	15
1979	0.35	0.7	1.24	2.14	3.15	4.29	6.58	8.61	9.22	10.89	14.344	14.5	15.315
1980	0.27	0.56	1.02	1.72	3.02	4.2	5.84	7.26	8.84	9.28	14.448	15	15.5
1981	0.49	0.98	1.44	2.09	2.98	4.85	6.57	9.16	10.82	10.77	13.932	15	16
1982	0.37	0.66	1.35	1.99	2.93	4.24	6.46	8.51	12.24	10.78	14.041	15	16
1983	0.37	0.92	1.6	2.44	3.82	4.76	6.17	7.7	9.25	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1984	0.42	1.16	1.81	2.79	3.78	4.57	6.17	7.7	9.25	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1985	0.413	0.875	1.603	2.81	4.059	5.833	7.685	10.117	14.29	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1986	0.311	0.88	1.47	2.467	3.915	5.81	6.58	6.833	11.004	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1987	0.211	0.498	1.254	2.047	3.431	5.137	6.523	9.3	13.15	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1988	0.212	0.404	0.79	1.903	2.977	4.392	7.812	12.112	13.107	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1989	0.299	0.52	0.868	1.477	2.686	4.628	7.048	9.98	9.25	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1990	0.398	0.705	1.182	1.719	2.458	3.565	4.71	7.801	8.956	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1991	0.518	1.136	1.743	2.428	3.214	4.538	6.88	10.719	9.445	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1992	0.44	0.931	1.812	2.716	3.895	5.176	6.774	9.598	12.427	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1993	0.344	1.172	1.82	2.823	4.031	5.497	6.765	8.571	10.847	12.621	14.544	16.466	18.388
1994	0.237	0.757	1.419	2.458	3.845	5.374	6.648	7.653	8.136	12.916	16.114	16.466	18.388
1995	0.197	0.487	1.141	2.118	3.504	4.915	6.949	9.051	9.775	11.409	15.248	18.62	18.388
1996	0.206	0.482	0.98	2.041	3.52	5.507	7.74	9.922	10.63	12.093	13.533	17.659	21.171
1997	0.211	0.537	1.11	1.876	3.381	5.258	8.546	10.653	10.776	13.232	14.313	15.745	20.122
1998	0.242	0.561	1.179	1.936	2.944	4.583	7.092	10.7	12.042	13.771	15.607	16.617	18.021
1999	0.209	0.514	1.183	2.007	3.037	4.479	6.512	10.028	11.117	14.698	16.215	18.057	18.981
2000	0.194	0.465	1.218	1.963	3.064	4.12	5.746	7.157	9.961	14.589	17.26	18.733	20.557
2001	0.284	0.513	1.21	2.25	3.299	5.066	6.373	9.29	11.456	13.317	17.138	19.887	21.294
2002	0.23	0.603	1.184	2.138	3.336	4.81	6.912	8.809	10.475	12.534	15.703	19.752	22.549
2003	0.233	0.551	1.317	2.022	3.239	4.984	6.727	8.422	14.226	12.524	14.815	18.164	22.403
2004	0.24	0.55	1.074	2.038	2.911	4.402	6.263	8.535	10.197	12.371	14.803	17.176	20.674
2005	0.225	0.61	1.083	1.87	3.002	3.971	5.789	8.127	12.759	12.611	14.63	17.163	19.594
2006	0.252	0.591	1.219	2.014	3.028	4.434	5.999	7.774	9.954	13.679	14.902	16.97	19.58
2007	0.249	0.663	1.329	2.127	3.183	4.59	6.477	8.88	12.124	12.261	16.111	17.274	19.368
2008	0.286	0.726	1.418	2.41	3.331	4.914	6.747	8.851	10.393	12.776	14.504	18.617	19.701
2009	0.274	0.652	1.353	2.312	3.803	5.103	6.75	9.252	10.119	12.323	15.09	16.83	21.168
2010	0.258	0.608	1.208	2.01	3.088	4.903	6.498	7.992	9.689	12.467	14.574	17.483	19.214
2011	0.225	0.6	1.097	1.926	2.861	4.403	6.531	8.648	9.885	12.508	14.738	16.909	19.929
2012	0.227	0.555	1.182	1.834	2.831	4.124	6.056	8.584	11.498	12.249	14.785	17.092	19.3
2013	0.247	0.577	1.134	1.998	2.841	4.015	5.523	8.077	10.304	13.207	14.491	17.144	19.501
2014	0.216	0.577	1.137	1.791	2.781	3.85	5.245	6.992	9.378	12.746	15.578	16.816	19.558
2015	0.229	0.54	1.134	1.934	2.753	4.081	5.315	7.135	8.947	11.778	15.056	18.025	19.198
2016	0.21	0.536	1.001	1.812	2.72	3.958	5.64	7.064	8.569	10.885	13.954	17.445	20.522
2017	0.255	0.675	1.107	1.896	2.826	4.158	5.7	7.628	9.071	10.634	12.934	16.216	19.888
2018	0.286	0.62	1.188	1.949	2.768	4.059	5.749	7.38	9.097	10.8	12.646	15.073	18.54
2019	0.24	0.603	1.085	1.82	3.025	4.296	5.891	7.293	9.667	11.186	12.837	14.749	17.28
2020	0.148	0.503	1.055	1.692	2.59	4.064	5.617	7.673	9.313	11.306	13.278	14.964	16.922
2021	0.17	0.437	0.954	1.718	2.669	3.804	5.822	7.396	9.334	11.187	13.415	15.459	17.159
2022	0.293	0.48	0.929	1.616	2.741	3.933	5.744	8.012	9.648	11.255	13.279	15.613	17.706
2023	0.271	0.645	1.022	1.71	2.876	4.353	5.925	7.864	9.824	11.36	13.478	15.46	17.876

Table 3.10. Northeast Arctic COD. Basis for maturity ogives (percent) used in the assessment. Norwegian and Russian data.

Norway
	Percentage mature
	Age
Year	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1982	0	5	10	34	65	82	92	100
1983	5	8	10	30	73	88	97	100
Russia
	Percentage mature
	Age
Year	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1984	0	5	18	31	56	90	99	100
1985	0	1	10	33	59	85	92	100
1986	0	2	9	19	56	76	89	100
1987	0	1	9	23	27	61	81	80
1988	0	1	3	25	53	79	100	100
1989	0	0	2	15	39	59	83	100
1990	0	2	6	20	47	62	81	95
1991	0	3	1	23	66	82	96	100
1992	0	1	8	31	73	92	95	100
1993	0	3	7	21	56	89	95	99
1994	0	1	8	30	55	84	95	98
1995	0	0	4	23	61	75	94	97
1996	0	0	1	22	56	82	95	100
1997	0	0	1	10	48	73	90	100
1998	0	0	2	15	47	87	97	96
1999	0	0.2	1.3	9.9	38.4	74.9	94	100
2000	0	0	6	19.2	51.4	84	95.5	100
2001	0.1	0.1	3.9	27.9	62.3	89.4	96.3	100
2002	0.1	1.9	10.9	34.4	68.1	82.8	97.6	100
2003	0.2	0	11	29.2	65.9	89.6	95.1	100
2004	0	0.7	8	33.8	63.3	83.4	96.4	96.4
2005	0	0.6	4.6	24.2	61.5	84.9	95.3	98.1
2006	0	0	6.1	29.6	59.6	89.5	96.4	100
2007	0	0.4	5.7	20.8	60.4	83.5	96	100
2008	0	0.5	4	24.6	48.3	84.4	94.7	98.7
2009	0	0	6	28	66	85	97	100
2010	0	0.2	1.5	22.8	47	77.4	90.2	95.5
2011	0	0	2.2	20.7	50.4	73.7	90.6	95.6
2012	0.2	0	1.5	10.8	43.9	76.1	90.8	96.4
2013	0	0	0.6	10.6	41.8	70.6	89.8	96.9
2014	0	0	1.9	14.1	45.9	76	92	97.5
2015	0	0.2	0.2	7.9	27	60.8	83.4	93.7
2016	0	0	0.2	5.2	22.4	44.1	74.8	92.5
2017*	0	0	0.8	6.3	20.8	51.6	80.4	98.6
2018	0	0.5	2.5	23.6	53.9	79.4	92.5	96.0
2019**	0	0	4.5	11.9	56.4	91.8	95.1	100
2020**	0	0.4	1.7	15.8	43.8	71.2	74.9	84.9
2021**	0	0	2.7	16.1	44.1	72.2	87.1	88.1
2022**	0	0	0.8	11.6	59.7	72.6	80.4	96.2
2023**	0	0	0.3	12.3	50.9	84.3	92.6	97.5
*Not used in inputs (instead ratios presented in WD 10, 2017 used for further calculations) **Not used in inputs (instead ratios presented in WD 15, 2019 used for further calculations)

Norway
	Percentage mature
	Age
Year	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1985	0.31	1.36	8.94	38.33	51.27	85.13	100	79.2
1986	2.92	7	7.85	18.85	49.72	66.52	35.59	80.09
1987	0	0.07	4.49	12.42	16.28	31.23	19.32
1988	0	2.35	6.16	40.54	53.63	45.36	100	100
1989	1.52	0.67	3.88	30.65	70.36	82.02	100	100
1990	1.52	0.67	4.18	22	57.45	80.95	100	100
1991	0.1	3.4	13.93	38.03	75.52	90.12	95.39	100
1992	0.22	1.85	21.04	52.83	86.95	96.52	99.83	100
1993	0	2.6	10.37	52.6	84.8	97.25	99.3	99.73
1994	0.51	0.33	15.78	36.92	62.84	88.44	97.56	100
1995	0	0.62	8.19	51.48	63.75	81.11	98.01	99.34
1996	0.03	0	2.82	29.56	70.22	82.06	100	100
1997	0	0	1.48	17.91	73.31	93.01	99.12	100
1998	0.12	0.68	3.17	15.42	47.31	75.73	94.3	100
1999	0.42	0.16	1.6	27.46	70.48	94.57	98.99	100
2000	0	0.11	8.15	30.23	77.3	81.95	100	100
2001	0.49	0.51	9.03	43.81	62.52	74.36	94.13	100
2002	0.27	0.73	5.94	43.22	68.4	85.31	92.52	100
2003	0.02	0.18	6.5	35.97	68.56	87.97	96.3	100
2004	0.24	1.36	10.23	54.56	81.84	90.94	98.76	98.91
2005	0	0.27	9	55.16	81.77	93.51	98.03	100
2006	0	0.22	5.92	44.25	69.85	89.89	96.65	100
2007	0.12	0.33	8.7	47.88	84.29	91.68	99.11	100
2008	0	0.27	9.27	34.13	61.39	88.04	91.17	100
2009	0	0	9	46	85	86	98	99
2010	0	0.36	7.5	41.75	67.7	90.1	95.29	98.55
2011	0	0.2	5.2	48	77.7	89.7	97.3	97.2
2012	0	0	7.7	32.2	67.5	81	90.9	96.3
2013	0	0.3	1	20.2	55.3	80	91.8	99.3
2014	0	0.4	2	13.3	56.7	85	93.8	98.7
2015	0	0	1.9	10.9	29.2	79.1	93.1	99.6
2016	0.07	0. 2	1.0	6.4	28.5	71.3	86. 1	98.6
2017	0	0.2	0.5	18	54.8	81.4	95.9	100
2018	0	0.1	3.0	16.2	38.3	61.0	93.7	98.9
2019	0	0. 4	4 .0	24 . 0	6 8. 6	93 . 2	9 6 .7	9 9 . 8
2020	0	0.44	3.18	13.68	42.51	80.06	91.18	94.03
2021	0.28	0.25	0.79	17.11	43.21	68.80	90.75	98.63
2022	1.55	0	1.19	9.54	44.22	70.17	77.19	98.50
2023	0.80	2.10	2.29	8.89	49.84	80.60	94.93	94.05

SAM Wed May 31 08:24:02 2023

Table 3.11. Northeast Arctic cod. Proportion mature-at-age

Year_age	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	+gp
1946	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.06	0.11	0.18	0.44	0.65	0.86	0.96	0.96	1
1947	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.06	0.13	0.16	0.42	0.75	0.91	0.95	1	1
1948	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.07	0.13	0.25	0.47	0.73	0.91	0.97	1	1
1949	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.09	0.17	0.29	0.54	0.79	0.88	0.97	1	1
1950	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.09	0.23	0.35	0.52	0.79	0.95	0.97	1	1
1951	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.1	0.24	0.4	0.58	0.72	0.85	0.96	1	1
1952	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.08	0.22	0.41	0.63	0.82	0.92	0.97	1	1
1953	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.07	0.19	0.4	0.64	0.84	0.94	0.97	1	1
1954	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.08	0.16	0.37	0.68	0.87	0.93	0.96	1	1
1955	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.07	0.13	0.26	0.53	0.83	0.92	0.97	1	1
1956	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.06	0.12	0.14	0.41	0.67	0.91	0.96	1	1
1957	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.06	0.09	0.12	0.22	0.6	0.82	0.97	1	1
1958	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.06	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.5	0.82	0.97	1	1
1959	0	0	0.01	0.04	0.12	0.34	0.49	0.67	0.84	0.87	1	1	1
1960	0	0.01	0.03	0.06	0.1	0.19	0.45	0.69	0.77	0.85	0.99	1	1
1961	0	0	0.01	0.06	0.12	0.31	0.65	0.91	0.98	0.98	1	0.96	1
1962	0	0	0.01	0.05	0.15	0.34	0.61	0.81	0.92	0.97	1	0.932	1
1963	0	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.07	0.28	0.42	0.81	0.98	0.98	1	0.966	1
1964	0	0	0	0.03	0.13	0.37	0.66	0.89	0.95	0.99	1	1	1
1965	0	0	0	0.01	0.06	0.2	0.55	0.73	0.99	0.98	1	1	1
1966	0	0	0.01	0.02	0.06	0.22	0.35	0.74	0.94	0.94	1	1	1
1967	0	0	0	0.03	0.07	0.14	0.38	0.64	0.89	0.9	1	1	1
1968	0	0	0.03	0.05	0.09	0.19	0.39	0.58	0.82	1	1	1	1
1969	0	0	0	0.02	0.04	0.12	0.34	0.55	0.74	0.95	1	1	1
1970	0	0.01	0	0.01	0.07	0.23	0.58	0.81	0.89	0.91	1	1	1
1971	0	0	0.01	0.05	0.11	0.3	0.59	0.79	0.86	0.88	1	1	1
1972	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.1	0.34	0.64	0.81	0.94	1	1	1	1
1973	0	0	0	0.02	0.16	0.53	0.81	0.92	0.95	0.98	1	1	1
1974	0	0	0	0.01	0.03	0.21	0.5	0.96	1	0.96	1	1	1
1975	0	0	0.01	0.02	0.09	0.21	0.56	0.78	0.79	0.95	1	1	1
1976	0	0	0	0.05	0.12	0.29	0.45	0.84	0.83	1	0.9	1	1
1977	0	0	0.02	0.08	0.26	0.54	0.76	0.87	0.93	0.94	0.9	1	1
1978	0	0	0	0.02	0.13	0.44	0.71	0.77	0.81	0.89	0.8	1	1
1979	0	0	0	0.03	0.13	0.39	0.77	0.89	0.83	0.78	0.9	1	1
1980	0	0	0	0.02	0.13	0.35	0.65	0.82	1	0.9	0.9	1	1
1981	0	0	0.02	0.07	0.2	0.54	0.8	0.97	1	1	1	1	1
1982	0	0.05	0.1	0.34	0.65	0.82	0.92	1	1	1	1	1	1
1983	0.01	0.08	0.1	0.3	0.73	0.88	0.97	1	1	1	1	1	1
1984	0	0.05	0.18	0.31	0.56	0.9	0.99	1	1	1	1	1	1
1985	0	0.01	0.09	0.36	0.55	0.85	0.96	0.9	1	1	1	1	1
1986	0	0.05	0.08	0.19	0.53	0.71	0.62	0.9	1	1	1	1	1
1987	0	0.01	0.07	0.18	0.22	0.46	0.5	0.75	1	1	1	1	1
1988	0	0.02	0.05	0.33	0.53	0.62	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
1989	0.008	0.003	0.029	0.228	0.547	0.705	0.915	1	1	1	1	1	1
1990	0.008	0.013	0.051	0.21	0.522	0.715	0.905	0.975	1	1	1	1	1
1991	0.001	0.032	0.075	0.305	0.708	0.861	0.957	1	1	1	1	1	1
1992	0.001	0.014	0.145	0.419	0.8	0.943	0.974	1	1	1	1	1	1
1993	0	0.028	0.087	0.368	0.704	0.931	0.972	0.994	1	1	1	1	1
1994	0	0.005	0.119	0.336	0.583	0.876	0.965	0.99	1	1	1	1	1
1995	0	0.005	0.06	0.373	0.614	0.748	0.955	0.98	1	1	1	1	1
1996	0	0	0.016	0.252	0.619	0.817	0.975	1	1	1	1	1	1
1997	0	0	0.014	0.14	0.597	0.842	0.95	0.967	1	1	1	1	1
1998	0	0.005	0.031	0.168	0.468	0.828	0.956	0.98	1	1	1	1	1
1999	0	0.001	0.014	0.17	0.506	0.841	0.961	1	1	1	1	1	1
2000	0	0	0.066	0.261	0.699	0.872	0.978	1	1	1	1	1	1
2001	0.001	0.006	0.069	0.378	0.646	0.851	0.955	1	1	1	1	1	1
2002	0.001	0.015	0.085	0.412	0.695	0.846	0.97	1	1	1	1	1	1
2003	0.001	0	0.089	0.331	0.662	0.882	0.96	1	1	1	1	1	1
2004	0	0.009	0.092	0.438	0.728	0.883	0.973	0.974	1	1	1	1	1
2005	0	0.003	0.066	0.366	0.72	0.897	0.971	0.991	1	1	1	1	1
2006	0	0.015	0.061	0.367	0.633	0.907	0.961	1	1	1	1	1	1
2007	0	0.007	0.076	0.37	0.719	0.884	0.977	1	1	1	1	1	1
2008	0.005	0.008	0.082	0.309	0.539	0.869	0.928	0.994	1	1	1	1	1
2009	0	0	0.081	0.362	0.745	0.859	0.978	0.997	0.994	1	1	1	1
2010	0.005	0.006	0.06	0.335	0.552	0.838	0.931	0.971	0.983	1	1	1	1
2011	0	0	0.04	0.339	0.644	0.798	0.932	0.963	0.991	1	1	1	1
2012	0.001	0	0.058	0.209	0.544	0.799	0.93	0.967	0.99	1	1	1	1
2013	0	0	0.01	0.156	0.482	0.763	0.913	0.982	0.985	1	1	1	1
2014	0	0	0.025	0.137	0.516	0.806	0.935	0.984	0.996	1	1	1	1
2015	0	0.001	0.004	0.074	0.282	0.681	0.891	0.963	0.984	1	1	1	1
2016	0	0	0.002	0.057	0.256	0.569	0.832	0.955	0.984	1	1	1	1
2017	0	0.018	0.003	0.148	0.463	0.749	0.931	0.99	1	1	1	1	1
2018	0	0.003	0.028	0.207	0.478	0.731	0.916	0.971	1	1	1	1	1
2019	0	0	0.01	0.126	0.466	0.842	0.942	0.968	0.996	1	1	1	1
2020	0	0	0.014	0.112	0.356	0.775	0.904	0.955	1	1	1	1	1
2021	0.002	0.002	0.006	0.14	0.386	0.657	0.893	0.974	0.959	1	1	1	1
2022	0.014	0	0.01	0.079	0.402	0.674	0.756	0.975	1	1	1	1	1
2023	0.007	0.02	0.019	0.074	0.454	0.774	0.93	0.931	1	1	1	1	1



Table 3.12. The Northeast Arctic cod stock's consumption of cod in million individuals

Year/age	0	1	2	3	4	5	6
1984	0.000	444.972	22.422	0.216	0.000	0.000	0.000
1985	1637.455	354.699	71.701	0.198	0.000	0.000	0.000
1986	69.519	1120.596	343.865	87.590	0.000	0.000	0.000
1987	652.577	194.829	326.521	14.415	0.000	0.000	0.000
1988	32.259	486.347	26.538	1.794	0.000	0.000	0.000
1989	953.436	142.971	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
1990	0.000	110.123	23.502	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
1991	118.142	139.027	182.621	1.622	0.000	0.000	0.000
1992	3151.834	895.370	143.893	4.190	0.000	0.000	0.000
1993	3866.066	18279.371	480.685	46.668	1.308	0.420	0.000
1994	7966.736	7022.618	649.249	129.824	49.681	7.907	0.412
1995	8187.453	14882.872	758.834	211.203	67.053	3.734	0.223
1996	10206.699	21734.707	1473.858	136.447	52.739	18.486	1.071
1997	3073.182	17684.439	1899.740	165.816	15.732	1.219	0.220
1998	92.697	5718.231	579.436	204.909	23.507	1.461	0.467
1999	636.930	2113.085	304.436	50.842	4.195	0.004	0.000
2000	1918.192	2556.567	188.542	38.403	13.994	3.844	0.042
2001	94.644	2400.015	114.714	23.824	11.639	1.794	0.917
2002	7562.139	456.858	404.711	41.312	5.314	0.806	0.017
2003	5399.637	4113.972	107.659	24.129	0.000	0.000	0.000
2004	6491.276	2402.169	566.858	20.404	10.403	1.310	0.223
2005	2476.323	3035.950	133.405	79.995	4.526	5.498	0.512
2006	3319.747	2130.275	150.618	6.259	2.020	0.075	0.000
2007	2296.859	1152.611	189.151	74.223	3.411	0.126	0.000
2008	14429.785	704.780	85.607	96.516	31.818	4.202	0.000
2009	9632.264	7349.412	143.271	66.372	20.512	5.093	0.217
2010	4178.921	7164.249	301.457	53.687	27.753	16.665	2.209
2011	12554.996	4425.216	452.354	172.861	40.389	10.589	5.068
2012	21163.926	11949.604	1017.947	101.742	30.631	4.331	0.000
2013	26528.422	4791.451	1554.036	173.389	16.685	7.397	1.115
2014	36229.443	6090.830	728.424	192.786	52.474	5.093	0.063
2015	1539.488	10543.474	305.912	67.449	38.833	16.406	1.616
2016	11978.708	2534.319	501.554	11.760	18.186	26.553	6.267
2017	21533.301	1582.206	385.778	115.850	7.938	4.288	2.936
2018	7268.588	13522.863	275.855	35.641	2.227	0.268	0.000
2019	844.766	8504.830	837.120	53.976	5.723	0.019	0.000
2020	3206.167	2581.250	340.399	148.635	43.880	10.862	0.563
2021	23808.050	1592.617	235.029	72.359	23.731	13.086	1.557
2022	9979.849	4582.560	292.036	12.354	1.297	0.059	0.000

Table 3.13. Northeast Arctic COD. Tuning data

104

FLT15_I: NorBarTrSur_I

1981 2023

1 1 0.085 0.189

3 12

1 1640 2330 4000 3840 480 100 30 NA NA NA

1 2830 2770 2360 1550 1600 140 20 NA NA NA

1 2495 5234 4333 1696 582 321 97 NA NA NA

1 9749 2828 2144 1174 407 40 8 NA NA NA

1 16679 12598 1992 767 334 21 7 NA NA NA

1 80500 14393 6414 830 191 34 4 NA NA NA

1 24038 39115 5435 1570 200 45 3 NA NA NA

1 14803 8049 17331 2048 358 53 3 NA NA NA

1 4636 7586 3779 9019 982 94 10 NA NA NA

1 2835 3487 3459 2056 2723 161 38 NA NA NA

1 4585 3367 2565 2149 1215 1267 61 NA NA NA

1 15826 5771 1782 1283 767 429 272 NA NA NA

1 27389 14013 7248 1583 624 389 223 NA NA NA

1 29392 30704 15333 4572 795 261 148 55 55 13

1 28284 24236 25101 7642 1798 242 107 50 61 19

1 16308 11743 13859 10888 2443 264 37 17 12 16

1 31799 6844 7426 5999 2667 485 64 91 8 NA

1 35510 16694 3167 2615 1752 816 79 52 4 4

1 18848 18075 6139 1271 681 514 101 26 2 6

1 24581 13003 11173 2675 456 184 121 33 10 5

1 18279 19511 8290 3796 945 117 44 19 4 1

1 11836 13756 10895 4579 1440 220 32 18 5 2

1 37670 12631 9393 6688 1750 467 102 17 4 4

1 6388 18462 5346 4324 3059 685 165 28 7 2

1 24888 5506 10297 2238 1636 381 92 30 4 10

1 11649 11538 2832 4342 1372 524 136 24 18 18

1 36113 12773 6851 1365 2360 682 230 41 11 10

1 19437 30059 11190 4024 1734 811 179 36 3 3

1 12628 19670 22023 6069 1790 902 524 51 17 7

1 3681 11425 15480 14450 3956 1124 367 160 58 12

1 8540 5037 12970 13866 10351 1637 436 120 82 39

1 7572 6459 3371 9069 13258 4861 902 226 88 111

1 6884 11409 6318 4043 6454 7638 3352 222 287 84

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

FLT15_II: NorBarTrSur_II

2014 2023

1 1 0.085 0.189

3 12

1 22685 9379 8859 5639 3274 5305 3619 981 101 120

1 14407 22825 14729 11353 7443 2922 5351 1808 338 98

1 9937 13548 18831 11347 7233 2856 1317 1606 677 180

1 17925 6215 8454 9016 3782 2633 818 326 261 451

1 13941 18478 6181 6417 7388 2588 928 587 129 419

1 28157 17915 22190 7965 3296 3831 815 262 54 70

1 23773 16024 13156 11488 4983 2426 2044 453 166 243

1 11150 11935 11231 5428 3798 1357 727 353 125 103

1 5198 8868 8660 6651 4460 3042 570 229 208 255

1 4121 3982 4652 4317 3224 1426 749 158 34 35

FLT16: NorBarLofAcSur

1985 2023

1 1 0.085 0.26

3 12

1 1530 1416 204 151 157 33 13 10 5 NA

1 4996 1343 684 116 77 31 3 NA 4 NA

1 628 2049 502 174 14 30 7 NA NA NA

1 504 355 578 109 40 3 0 1 NA NA

1 170 344 214 670 166 32 5 2 NA NA

1 148 206 262 269 668 73 6 3 NA NA

1 502 346 293 339 367 500 37 2 2 NA

1 1765 658 215 184 284 254 824 43 17 NA

1 3572 1911 1131 354 255 252 277 442 49 NA

1 3239 3745 2293 961 234 118 103 42 187 29

1 1377 1395 2036 1016 281 47 45 29 26 81

1 994 896 1128 974 462 59 11 4 9 15

1 1586 442 503 459 510 215 23 7 1 8

1 3912 1898 449 415 349 271 51 10 2 1

1 1476 1303 523 139 118 187 99 10 2 1

1 2948 1673 1492 546 146 69 50 13 6 2

1 1774 1606 851 621 191 27 8 6 3 1

1 614 1062 1011 713 366 94 12 8 6 0

1 3067 1168 1271 1461 677 235 38 4 1 2

1 334 852 349 456 480 217 88 24 2 7

1 1250 333 693 341 438 180 75 18 1 3

1 648 538 186 420 176 159 87 23 3 10

1 585 304 308 129 466 151 80 33 9 4

1 1999 2887 1166 789 248 352 55 28 17 7

1 1078 1825 1415 560 415 128 266 36 17 4

1 228 880 1614 1750 618 314 108 125 40 29

1 404 283 674 1595 2727 645 233 68 75 9

1 828 494 344 895 2266 1335 257 104 38 28

1 606 845 724 541 1336 2338 1617 215 111 88

1 2869 1242 1115 777 553 1490 1739 980 146 105

1 1387 2356 1300 1442 964 498 969 686 325 127

1 563 769 1199 664 594 409 356 565 344 286

1 1115 424 444 742 486 484 268 167 146 230

1 1090 1499 540 584 775 456 193 141 61 137

1 2036 1254 1446 639 493 739 273 218 65 111

1 1173 1173 819 943 506 509 495 195 84 80

1 649 591 558 402 369 163 114 144 82 35

1 294 530 570 504 476 345 116 68 53 39

1 287 265 336 346 278 183 135 32 17 15

FLT18: RusSweptArea

1982 2022

1 1 0.9 1

3 12

1 1413 1525 721 198 551 174 37 19 15.1 1.5

1 520 642 506 358 179 252 94 NA NA NA

1 1189 700 489 357 154 69 61 17 14.6 7.4

1 1188 1592 1068 365 165 37 8 16 1.5 20.9

1 1622 1532 1493 481 189 42 2 6 NA NA

1 557 3076 900 701 184 60 25 4 0.7 3.3

1 993 938 2879 583 260 47 24 NA NA NA

1 490 978 1062 1454 1167 299 112 47 18.5 11.7

1 167 487 627 972 1538 673 153 49 9.1 1.7

1 1077 484 532 583 685 747 98 14 2.6 NA

1 675 308 239 273 218 175 25 25 4.0 0.1

1 1604 1135 681 416 354 87 3 7 0.6 0.7

1 1363 1309 1019 354 128 49 21 11 5.7 2.2

1 589 1065 1395 849 251 83 19 18 9.5 5.8

1 733 784 1035 773 348 132 19 5 12.0 1.6

1 1342 835 613 602 348 116 32 30 NA NA

1 2028 1363 788 470 259 130 48 5 NA 0.9

1 1587 2072 980 301 123 94 42 4 NA NA

1 1839 1286 1786 773 114 52 23 9 3.9 0.4

1 1224 1557 1290 1061 304 50 14 5 25.4 13.1

1 980 1473 1473 896 600 182 29 8 0.8 0.5

1 1246 1057 1166 1203 535 241 40 9 3.1 1.1

1 329 1576 880 1111 776 279 93 23 3.6 2.5

1 1408 631 1832 744 605 244 88 28 6.4 1.1

1 927 1613 777 1801 662 342 161 43 17.5 7.4

1 2579 1617 1903 846 1525 553 226 86 49.0 18.5

1 2203 3088 1635 1472 830 863 291 115 33.0 19.0

1 974 2317 3687 2016 1175 620 413 205 65.0 41.0

1 334 1070 2505 3715 1817 789 395 299 155.9 75.2

1 882 508 1432 3065 3300 917 439 176 175.5 105.4

1 815 1114 839 2122 3358 1878 432 195 45.7 76.3

1 747 1174 1177 884 2349 3132 1367 306 92.4 98.5

1 1399 1368 1725 1483 1111 1929 1297 383 93.4 55.1

1 657 1583 1742 1932 1610 925 1158 761 241.6 113.6

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 1456 884 1063 1952 1231 567 266 120 119.8 103.8

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

FLT007: Ecosystem_2018corr

2004 2022

1 1 0.65 0.75

3 12

1 1477 4215 1502 798 402 101 22 5 1.3 2

1 2166 558 1009 280 156 57 12 5 1.2 0.5

1 1861 2056 599 698 176 81 26 6 2.5 0.4

1 5862 1592 791 246 269 60 22 9 1.5 2.4

1 6526 4834 1323 511 128 175 33 9 2.3 3.9

1 2023 2806 2896 1017 319 127 73 26 8.1 5.1

1 568 1770 3972 4249 1427 385 105 68 15.9 6.2

1 1236 1015 2402 3004 1784 323 77 18 13.4 8.7

1 2291 1464 700 1508 1652 845 127 44 15.5 20.8

1 2491 1836 1257 632 1182 1302 538 91 33.2 24.6

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 1744 2252 1413 726 486 262 353 266 78.7 27

1 772 937 1216 701 444 272 138 132 54.2 30.2

1 3750 1415 1049 1209 626 280 112 64 44.5 71.7

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

1 4166 2323 2151 766 422 444 161 49 21.9 29.5

1 1395 1356 934 829 308 142 107 31 10.3 14.8

1 847 998 811 457 336 124 47 50 23.8 16.8

1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Table 3.14. Parameters settings used in SAM run

# Where a matrix is specified rows corresponds to fleets and columns to ages.

# Same number indicates same parameter used

# Numbers (integers) starts from zero and must be consecutive

#

$minAge

# The minimium age class in the assessment

3

$maxAge

# The maximum age class in the assessment

15

$maxAgePlusGroup

# Is last age group considered a plus group (1 yes, or 0 no).

1 1 1 1 1 1

$keyLogFsta

# Coupling of the fishing mortality states (nomally only first row is used).

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 11

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

$corFlag

# Correlation of fishing mortality across ages (0 independent, 1 compound symmetry, or 2 AR(1)

0

$keyLogFpar

# Coupling of the survey catchability parameters (nomally first row is not used, as that is covered by fishing mortality).

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 -1 -1 -1

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 17 -1 -1 -1

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 26 -1 -1 -1

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 35 -1 -1 -1

36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 44 -1 -1 -1

$keyQpow

# Density dependent catchability power parameters (if any).

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

$keyVarF

# Coupling of process variance parameters for log(F)-process (nomally only first row is used)

0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

$keyVarLogN

# Coupling of process variance parameters for log(N)-process

0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

$keyVarObs

# Coupling of the variance parameters for the observations.

0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 4

5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 -1 -1 -1

5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 -1 -1 -1

8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 -1 -1 -1

10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 -1 -1 -1

12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 -1 -1 -1

$obsCorStruct

# Covariance structure for each fleet ("ID" independent, "AR" AR(1), or "US" for unstructured). | Possible values are: "ID" "AR" "US"

"ID" "AR" "AR" "AR" "AR" "AR"

$keyCorObs

# Coupling of correlation parameters can only be specified if the AR(1) structure is chosen above.

# NA's indicate where correlation parameters can be specified (-1 where they cannot).

#3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15

NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 -1 -1 -1

0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 -1 -1 -1

4 4 4 5 6 6 6 7 8 -1 -1 -1

9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 -1 -1 -1

12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 15 -1 -1 -1

$stockRecruitmentModelCode

# Stock recruitment code (0 for plain random walk, 1 for Ricker, and 2 for Beverton-Holt).

0

$noScaledYears

# Number of years where catch scaling is applied.

0

$keyScaledYears

# A vector of the years where catch scaling is applied.

$keyParScaledYA

# A matrix specifying the couplings of scale parameters (nrow = no scaled years, ncols = no ages).

$fbarRange

# lowest and higest age included in Fbar

5 10

$keyBiomassTreat

# To be defined only if a biomass survey is used (0 SSB index, 1 catch index, and 2 FSB index).

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

$obsLikelihoodFlag

# Option for observational likelihood | Possible values are: "LN" "ALN"

"LN" "LN" "LN" "LN" "LN" "LN"

$fixVarToWeight

# If weight attribute is supplied for observations this option sets the treatment (0 relative weight, 1 fix variance to weight).

0

SAM Wed May 31 08:24:02 2023

Table 3.15. Northeast Arctic cod. Fishing mortality

Year_age	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	+gp	FBAR5-10
1946	0.003	0.020	0.069	0.137	0.270	0.248	0.379	0.396	0.572	0.562	0.626	0.646	0.646	0.250
1947	0.002	0.021	0.090	0.187	0.387	0.294	0.450	0.446	0.692	0.635	0.689	0.781	0.781	0.309
1948	0.001	0.021	0.095	0.220	0.464	0.346	0.512	0.450	0.713	0.694	0.742	0.922	0.922	0.348
1949	0.002	0.030	0.138	0.302	0.473	0.367	0.459	0.476	0.771	0.752	0.788	1.029	1.029	0.369
1950	0.002	0.043	0.163	0.314	0.436	0.363	0.480	0.538	0.839	0.855	0.816	1.151	1.151	0.382
1951	0.009	0.079	0.232	0.343	0.445	0.393	0.496	0.567	0.780	0.866	0.841	1.199	1.199	0.413
1952	0.014	0.104	0.278	0.431	0.476	0.408	0.523	0.639	0.843	0.921	0.844	1.201	1.201	0.459
1953	0.020	0.112	0.251	0.360	0.402	0.373	0.473	0.612	0.813	0.823	0.799	1.021	1.021	0.412
1954	0.017	0.116	0.268	0.383	0.423	0.356	0.489	0.707	0.831	0.822	0.790	0.929	0.929	0.438
1955	0.015	0.108	0.295	0.494	0.497	0.509	0.565	0.751	0.895	0.866	0.790	0.862	0.862	0.519
1956	0.018	0.122	0.350	0.581	0.559	0.599	0.590	0.740	0.892	0.987	0.825	0.804	0.804	0.570
1957	0.021	0.137	0.291	0.529	0.548	0.588	0.536	0.674	0.880	0.914	0.822	0.718	0.718	0.528
1958	0.035	0.181	0.359	0.543	0.540	0.511	0.508	0.692	0.829	0.880	0.720	0.629	0.629	0.526
1959	0.035	0.203	0.426	0.524	0.527	0.527	0.552	0.721	0.786	0.801	0.707	0.643	0.643	0.546
1960	0.036	0.212	0.406	0.509	0.494	0.546	0.523	0.754	0.854	0.802	0.697	0.711	0.711	0.539
1961	0.038	0.225	0.491	0.576	0.546	0.644	0.696	0.849	0.897	0.864	0.741	0.749	0.749	0.634
1962	0.036	0.225	0.584	0.750	0.632	0.683	0.796	1.010	0.935	0.845	0.775	0.738	0.738	0.743
1963	0.024	0.194	0.584	0.800	0.759	0.773	0.893	1.083	1.081	0.851	0.802	0.735	0.735	0.816
1964	0.019	0.159	0.412	0.554	0.585	0.699	0.935	0.883	0.979	0.802	0.882	0.756	0.756	0.678
1965	0.023	0.143	0.365	0.459	0.472	0.589	0.785	0.798	0.804	0.669	0.892	0.759	0.759	0.578
1966	0.031	0.140	0.287	0.388	0.469	0.600	0.752	0.790	0.713	0.655	0.799	0.675	0.675	0.548
1967	0.029	0.155	0.265	0.329	0.463	0.639	0.829	0.811	0.770	0.665	0.793	0.609	0.609	0.556
1968	0.025	0.176	0.356	0.433	0.495	0.632	0.847	0.832	0.747	0.600	0.799	0.631	0.631	0.599
1969	0.026	0.182	0.405	0.483	0.630	0.812	1.006	0.923	0.835	0.631	0.757	0.620	0.620	0.710
1970	0.034	0.164	0.376	0.468	0.589	0.824	0.996	0.933	0.796	0.576	0.712	0.630	0.630	0.698
1971	0.030	0.155	0.306	0.354	0.505	0.809	0.981	0.920	0.801	0.604	0.690	0.616	0.616	0.646
1972	0.051	0.183	0.333	0.402	0.427	0.719	1.059	1.014	0.895	0.652	0.745	0.635	0.635	0.659
1973	0.132	0.226	0.386	0.439	0.459	0.699	0.921	0.860	0.845	0.673	0.756	0.620	0.620	0.627
1974	0.159	0.297	0.482	0.520	0.509	0.622	0.666	0.870	0.910	0.714	0.893	0.628	0.628	0.611
1975	0.115	0.276	0.507	0.622	0.641	0.729	0.721	0.728	0.938	0.778	0.953	0.597	0.597	0.658
1976	0.143	0.307	0.529	0.615	0.687	0.852	0.874	0.672	0.796	0.821	0.942	0.675	0.675	0.705
1977	0.129	0.335	0.634	0.678	0.707	0.901	1.128	0.857	0.894	0.810	1.052	0.810	0.810	0.818
1978	0.110	0.253	0.571	0.737	0.767	0.893	1.219	0.946	1.304	1.008	1.201	0.917	0.917	0.855
1979	0.056	0.202	0.410	0.621	0.711	0.803	1.093	0.992	1.295	1.096	1.125	1.010	1.010	0.772
1980	0.038	0.158	0.345	0.628	0.723	0.809	0.998	1.058	1.230	0.997	1.163	0.907	0.907	0.760
1981	0.032	0.141	0.282	0.581	0.784	0.973	1.160	0.976	1.071	0.937	1.045	0.835	0.835	0.793
1982	0.040	0.158	0.286	0.641	0.841	0.918	1.132	0.826	0.822	0.925	0.866	0.822	0.822	0.774
1983	0.028	0.164	0.300	0.549	0.903	1.079	1.067	0.847	0.713	0.726	0.802	0.866	0.866	0.791
1984	0.024	0.156	0.331	0.582	1.062	1.167	1.168	0.898	0.746	0.701	0.671	0.892	0.892	0.868
1985	0.038	0.161	0.390	0.667	0.944	1.147	0.930	0.778	0.757	0.654	0.593	0.949	0.949	0.809
1986	0.031	0.170	0.455	0.766	0.908	1.141	0.927	1.042	0.887	0.851	0.586	1.073	1.073	0.873
1987	0.039	0.154	0.470	0.827	1.014	1.114	0.894	1.249	0.977	1.003	0.636	1.257	1.257	0.928
1988	0.034	0.127	0.334	0.637	0.936	1.017	1.028	1.355	0.959	0.916	0.731	1.214	1.214	0.885
1989	0.030	0.107	0.251	0.457	0.643	0.833	0.818	1.001	0.753	0.708	0.697	1.432	1.432	0.667
1990	0.020	0.092	0.178	0.308	0.415	0.498	0.548	0.589	0.652	0.610	0.625	1.311	1.311	0.422
1991	0.020	0.101	0.212	0.343	0.434	0.469	0.502	0.481	0.494	0.592	0.570	1.264	1.264	0.407
1992	0.024	0.113	0.280	0.429	0.528	0.554	0.562	0.558	0.515	0.700	0.539	1.253	1.253	0.485
1993	0.014	0.110	0.315	0.523	0.617	0.657	0.692	0.711	0.687	0.826	0.677	1.226	1.226	0.586
1994	0.012	0.109	0.322	0.597	0.924	0.916	0.874	0.851	0.913	0.933	0.777	1.211	1.211	0.748
1995	0.014	0.116	0.323	0.606	0.931	0.895	0.950	0.921	1.010	0.962	0.857	1.123	1.123	0.771
1996	0.021	0.133	0.353	0.618	0.883	0.938	0.853	1.100	0.960	0.960	0.926	1.030	1.030	0.791
1997	0.022	0.168	0.447	0.685	0.895	1.201	1.129	1.268	1.029	1.018	0.924	0.935	0.935	0.937
1998	0.026	0.181	0.474	0.712	0.852	1.159	1.136	1.313	1.051	0.896	0.830	0.784	0.784	0.941
1999	0.015	0.149	0.463	0.682	0.868	1.099	1.223	1.296	0.953	0.880	0.691	0.692	0.692	0.939
2000	0.009	0.114	0.364	0.587	0.830	1.018	1.107	1.181	0.844	0.897	0.551	0.673	0.673	0.848
2001	0.009	0.096	0.293	0.532	0.754	0.924	0.887	1.045	0.730	0.764	0.438	0.706	0.706	0.739
2002	0.008	0.091	0.276	0.521	0.774	0.884	0.836	0.786	0.620	0.723	0.385	0.666	0.666	0.679
2003	0.010	0.089	0.284	0.474	0.727	0.809	0.771	0.736	0.562	0.623	0.356	0.632	0.632	0.634
2004	0.010	0.090	0.293	0.500	0.766	0.854	0.893	0.940	0.627	0.663	0.336	0.527	0.527	0.707
2005	0.011	0.102	0.318	0.517	0.737	0.865	0.949	0.882	0.660	0.730	0.337	0.473	0.473	0.711
2006	0.016	0.102	0.281	0.442	0.617	0.737	0.800	0.781	0.661	0.754	0.362	0.555	0.555	0.610
2007	0.017	0.091	0.241	0.348	0.447	0.540	0.557	0.527	0.631	0.731	0.372	0.477	0.477	0.443
2008	0.011	0.070	0.162	0.276	0.368	0.446	0.483	0.436	0.578	0.683	0.385	0.391	0.391	0.362
2009	0.010	0.058	0.131	0.221	0.317	0.354	0.457	0.368	0.526	0.735	0.424	0.334	0.334	0.308
2010	0.009	0.049	0.106	0.178	0.281	0.377	0.392	0.419	0.594	0.603	0.484	0.307	0.307	0.292
2011	0.006	0.048	0.105	0.160	0.254	0.352	0.446	0.533	0.558	0.507	0.472	0.252	0.252	0.309
2012	0.007	0.047	0.119	0.161	0.241	0.325	0.419	0.482	0.543	0.469	0.446	0.243	0.243	0.291
2013	0.007	0.048	0.122	0.190	0.269	0.362	0.446	0.516	0.556	0.477	0.429	0.268	0.268	0.317
2014	0.008	0.054	0.141	0.229	0.314	0.393	0.420	0.514	0.596	0.521	0.443	0.288	0.288	0.335
2015	0.010	0.056	0.149	0.270	0.325	0.394	0.365	0.503	0.743	0.594	0.471	0.311	0.311	0.334
2016	0.009	0.053	0.149	0.258	0.341	0.418	0.407	0.552	0.829	0.657	0.521	0.345	0.345	0.354
2017	0.010	0.058	0.153	0.274	0.358	0.477	0.474	0.589	0.898	0.735	0.575	0.369	0.369	0.387
2018	0.012	0.061	0.160	0.270	0.370	0.461	0.519	0.641	0.866	0.799	0.624	0.375	0.375	0.404
2019	0.009	0.064	0.161	0.261	0.381	0.502	0.523	0.689	0.815	0.785	0.619	0.355	0.355	0.419
2020	0.010	0.065	0.174	0.293	0.419	0.532	0.611	0.762	0.839	0.764	0.631	0.333	0.333	0.465
2021	0.012	0.069	0.210	0.371	0.503	0.577	0.741	0.867	0.802	0.787	0.649	0.320	0.320	0.545
2022	0.023	0.081	0.240	0.427	0.544	0.575	0.760	0.899	0.847	0.792	0.669	0.285	0.285	0.574
Mean 2020-2022	0.015	0.072	0.208	0.364	0.489	0.562	0.704	0.843	0.829	0.781	0.650	0.313

SAM Wed May 31 08:24:02 2023

Table 3.16. Northeast Arctic COD Stock number-at-age (Thous)

Year_age	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	+gp	TOTAL
1946	1131733	675633	371631	171708	78187	84440	227414	80757	36044	30527	18856	8112	1998	2917040
1947	589231	677696	498210	298341	133553	53547	56352	132866	45827	17370	14637	8429	4517	2530580
1948	449846	338009	462717	346413	206946	75360	34959	29936	69670	18420	7655	6075	4972	2050976
1949	626523	291696	264329	354381	229201	104008	42958	16918	15975	28243	7444	3000	3605	1988283
1950	1024221	396052	230628	187516	208593	114814	57062	22810	8662	6120	11072	2741	1938	2272228
1951	2407714	777416	310911	177783	114845	111025	65975	28218	10909	2983	2093	4030	1195	4015099
1952	2328597	1129613	461421	189892	115914	61781	61045	33228	13121	4217	1024	729	1278	4401861
1953	2402267	1115835	638140	245280	90934	60040	33163	28518	13940	4523	1347	356	478	4634820
1954	833170	1382504	709733	387510	137873	48942	34634	17306	12915	5054	1646	496	245	3572028
1955	385036	551772	921576	434864	223730	75020	30565	18107	6940	4694	1836	617	240	2654997
1956	750321	246935	395689	550873	211998	112731	35639	14599	7023	2281	1656	691	298	2330734
1957	1431458	407134	151471	209080	238264	94890	49087	15396	5682	2355	666	595	362	2606441
1958	929503	715984	249912	95908	100409	109310	40962	23270	6425	1911	778	229	381	2274982
1959	1312954	486784	428640	141285	47151	47654	54776	20181	9514	2299	639	319	268	2552463
1960	1476784	626020	253474	207916	69451	23063	22980	25331	8045	3643	862	256	261	2718086
1961	1544518	706397	348084	134365	102607	36315	11330	12030	9809	2788	1373	361	209	2910186
1962	1247843	810279	391328	168723	64372	49248	15634	4561	4401	3278	942	540	221	2761370
1963	907862	702264	455812	165768	62748	28831	20761	5759	1329	1467	1160	351	300	2354411
1964	473547	411911	369740	179218	54781	21590	10562	6923	1519	351	514	432	257	1531345
1965	878677	250947	259257	200151	83072	23769	8197	3218	2387	451	123	172	266	1710686
1966	1839953	566724	166875	144844	106301	44083	10954	3045	1179	894	192	39	163	2885247
1967	1308974	1270075	396538	106241	80547	55334	20430	4379	1136	492	388	73	82	3244689
1968	182936	1012919	889833	279771	72366	42267	23741	7296	1619	422	206	146	70	2513591
1969	111045	137847	703205	495219	154584	41086	19635	8557	2640	651	194	75	95	1674832
1970	206796	86222	88133	369028	238174	64447	15108	5826	2766	915	281	75	75	1077846
1971	406737	146005	58021	45451	174361	103279	22554	4582	1861	1030	428	113	65	964488
1972	1052751	313730	105276	37348	27279	81763	36126	6972	1529	696	466	181	80	1664197
1973	1700149	752642	212581	63905	21243	15869	32382	9734	1981	500	297	180	114	2811577
1974	565981	1199076	516131	123124	35403	11334	6623	10170	3409	701	207	118	131	2472409
1975	610161	367082	669058	258350	61584	18470	5370	3072	3311	1119	283	68	109	1998039
1976	599582	445367	227371	311620	108455	26035	7503	2269	1299	1003	417	88	82	1731092
1977	372307	413520	273382	112894	137056	43303	8837	2627	1047	523	348	136	73	1366052
1978	621548	248002	218201	112400	47570	55763	14037	2250	897	384	207	98	77	1321434
1979	204031	447468	155572	90733	40802	17638	18405	3267	697	186	116	51	57	979024
1980	131519	156119	301689	87290	39224	16108	6538	5040	981	154	48	31	31	744773
1981	144577	103399	112934	174490	38101	15659	6034	2072	1396	231	47	12	20	598971
1982	181947	125849	83720	63807	81820	15244	4646	1519	641	380	74	13	11	559671
1983	140981	136621	92220	51873	28853	28271	4904	1236	568	230	118	26	9	485909
1984	443366	115166	83583	54126	24632	10647	7717	1355	439	242	95	42	12	741422
1985	529829	386960	82188	44974	24294	6367	2802	1913	439	166	100	41	18	1080092
1986	1369810	404115	244534	46407	19160	7428	1602	1008	752	176	73	47	19	2095132
1987	357271	1003120	256345	109639	16450	6830	1791	573	288	255	62	35	19	1752678
1988	334096	239244	593379	118927	33012	5010	1737	626	134	90	73	27	12	1326366
1989	158520	229171	148275	304719	55009	9890	1481	486	126	40	29	27	10	907782
1990	132388	129404	130196	95726	141754	22871	2912	534	137	48	16	11	7	656006
1991	298599	127183	98217	86322	61802	82032	11465	1379	248	55	22	7	4	767335
1992	714479	272249	101315	69273	48838	33923	46509	6071	804	133	25	10	3	1293632
1993	988559	503887	241252	72838	36823	23579	15521	23979	3036	433	57	13	3	1909981
1994	749508	733437	399593	146862	39060	15948	10655	6383	9806	1322	160	24	4	2112761
1995	537661	491903	524087	231718	63033	12467	5313	3432	2213	3219	423	60	7	1875535
1996	402269	303401	336209	282689	104036	19820	4290	1582	1116	619	1015	146	18	1457210
1997	777417	208466	204625	182595	120012	37500	6304	1646	437	338	193	331	48	1539912
1998	1048459	474057	126705	97658	70885	41679	9505	1624	357	130	95	61	120	1871335
1999	626609	600821	263885	62320	32893	26063	11630	2519	344	98	45	33	68	1627328
2000	747832	410172	376156	122289	24439	11231	7416	2645	581	108	33	19	42	1702963
2001	591465	534376	291579	184953	51964	8994	3405	1934	666	200	35	15	26	1669610
2002	374563	431027	368728	186325	82226	20349	3103	1180	566	251	78	18	16	1468429
2003	757474	288017	288349	235608	84433	30290	6755	1135	443	264	97	45	15	1692924
2004	242780	576499	215269	182819	116290	33915	10947	2632	480	224	126	55	26	1382062
2005	694272	185973	407128	136541	94341	39218	11228	3947	830	209	98	79	39	1573903
2006	538504	468505	141602	232380	68783	34037	13635	3369	1329	367	82	60	67	1502721
2007	1254871	438706	305334	89262	120284	30388	12668	4550	1192	563	145	46	61	2258070
2008	1016970	975177	337094	168663	53076	63107	15599	5733	1975	543	217	83	54	2638292
2009	590980	796014	744747	249883	89831	33782	29123	7943	3097	953	230	119	76	2546778
2010	205517	460527	655384	551852	168890	54623	19139	14872	4690	1636	359	126	116	2137732
2011	363991	183782	382476	538159	390293	86742	31659	10764	8249	2066	769	170	145	1999266
2012	510052	278762	148241	317718	407445	221791	45411	16283	5363	3915	1024	402	198	1956605
2013	471175	373062	228367	129650	243097	266376	137266	23598	8687	2521	2017	537	401	1886756
2014	854919	359921	300489	183506	102327	170876	148350	66608	11488	3964	1261	1075	595	2205379
2015	452525	573731	302681	215298	132913	68513	98660	76074	31250	5350	1889	658	1029	1960571
2016	285806	315948	421706	217130	136747	77157	44556	54447	35594	12006	2412	956	1011	1605476
2017	770881	239473	229268	288934	147668	79496	41771	24722	23820	13050	5079	1171	1121	1866455
2018	492321	537046	189041	160875	187195	87126	40711	22204	11204	7703	5006	2296	1256	1743985
2019	635422	366241	388948	150117	92605	108623	47097	19994	9516	3906	2717	2114	1886	1829186
2020	540952	427462	278103	251123	101787	54624	56075	23179	8608	3492	1462	1175	2134	1750176
2021	386652	351033	316485	192576	147936	53767	27411	24797	9551	3085	1351	638	1823	1517106
2022	197418	265615	256531	195573	116257	75151	23979	10870	8235	3444	1155	584	1376	1156188
2023		150647	184991	159696	104371	54409	35086	9129	3602	2802	1259	481	1190	895555

SAM Wed May 31 08:24:02 2023

Year_age	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	+gp
1946	0.490	0.304	0.226	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1947	0.544	0.325	0.231	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1948	0.493	0.305	0.226	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1949	0.434	0.282	0.221	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1950	0.316	0.236	0.210	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1951	0.724	0.394	0.247	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1952	0.715	0.391	0.246	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1953	0.537	0.322	0.230	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1954	0.388	0.264	0.217	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1955	0.406	0.271	0.218	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1956	0.590	0.343	0.235	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1957	0.725	0.395	0.247	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1958	0.562	0.332	0.233	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1959	0.713	0.390	0.246	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1960	0.704	0.387	0.245	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1961	0.609	0.350	0.237	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1962	0.520	0.315	0.229	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1963	0.788	0.419	0.253	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1964	0.603	0.348	0.236	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1965	0.416	0.275	0.219	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1966	0.353	0.251	0.214	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1967	0.271	0.219	0.206	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1968	0.224	0.201	0.202	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1969	0.206	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1970	0.293	0.227	0.208	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1971	0.256	0.213	0.205	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1972	0.323	0.239	0.211	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1973	0.217	0.200	0.201	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1974	0.217	0.200	0.201	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1975	0.232	0.204	0.203	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1976	0.224	0.200	0.202	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1977	0.249	0.210	0.204	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1978	0.234	0.205	0.203	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1979	0.208	0.200	0.201	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1980	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1981	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1982	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1983	0.203	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1984	0.201	0.200	0.219	0.210	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1985	0.204	0.224	0.200	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1986	0.270	0.216	0.252	0.231	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1987	0.256	0.236	0.219	0.271	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1988	0.222	0.211	0.242	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1989	0.200	0.230	0.200	0.233	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1990	0.200	0.200	0.207	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.208	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1992	0.207	0.200	0.200	0.203	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1993	0.241	0.200	0.200	0.200	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1994	0.348	0.261	0.215	0.220	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1995	0.530	0.314	0.227	0.202	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1996	0.524	0.327	0.243	0.217	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1997	0.421	0.269	0.241	0.226	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1998	0.428	0.273	0.218	0.267	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
1999	0.264	<